4E-BP1  4E binding protein  AMPK  AMP-activated protein kinase  ATF6  activating transcription factor 6  ATP  adenosine triphosphate  DEPTOR  DEP domain containing mTOR-interacting protein  CI  complexes I  CII  complex II  CIII  complex III  CIV  complex IV  CV  complex V  eIF2α  Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 2α  ER  Endoplasmic Reticulum  ERAD  ER-associated degradation  ERO1α  ER oxidoreductase 1 α  FoxO1  Forkhead box O1  GβL  G Protein β Subunit Like Protein  GRP78  78 kDa glucose-regulated protein precursor  GSIS  glucose-stimulated insulin secretion  IRE1  Inositol-requiring enzyme 1  IRS1  Insulin receptor substrate 1  IRS2  Insulin receptor substrate 2  mLST8  mammalian lethal with sec-13 protein 8  mSin1  the mammalian stress-activated MAP kinase-interaction protein 1  mtDNA  mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid  mTOR  mammalian TOR  mTORC1  mTOR complex 1  mTORC2  mTOR complex 2  NADPH oxidase  Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase  NOS  nitric oxide synthase  O2–·  superoxide anion  H2O2  hydrogen peroxide  OH·  hydroxyl radical  3O2  triplet-state molecular oxygen  OXPHOS  oxidative phosphorylation  CAT  catalase  GPx  glutathioneperoxidase  PERK  Protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase  PDI  ER protein disulfide isomerases  PI3K  the phosphoinositide3-kinase  PRAS40  40-kDa proline-rich Akt substrate  PRAS40  the 40-kDa proline-rich Akt substrate  PROTOR  the protein observed with RICTOR  RAPTOR  regulatory-associated protein of mTOR  RICTOR  The rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR  REDD1  DNA damage response 1  RNS  reactive nitrogen species  ROS  reactive oxygen species  RNS  reactive nitrogen species  S6K  S6 kinase  SOD  superoxidedismutase  T1DM  Type 1 diabetes mellitus  T2DM  Type 2 diabetes mellitus  TOR  the target of rapamycin  TSC2  Tuberous sclerosis 2  UPR  unfolded protein response  Mitochondrial oxidative stress  ER stress  mTOR  Pancreatic β cells  

blood pressure  hypertension  nitric oxide synthase type III  oxidative stress  sapropterin  

apo  apolipoprotein  HDL  high-density lipoprotein  HNF-1α,4α  hepatocyte nuclear factor-1α,4α  LRH-1  liver receptor homolog-1  Foxa2  forkhead box A2  PAF  platelet activating factor  LXR  liver X receptor  RXR  retinoid X receptor  FXR  farnesoid X receptor  SHP  small heterodimer partner  S1P  Sphingosine-1-Phosphate  CVD  cardiovascular disease  HDL-C  HDL cholesterol  RCT  reverse cholesterol transport  MHC  major histocompatibility complex class III  TNF  tumor necrosis factor  HRP  haptoglobin-related protein  PON-I  paraoxonase-1  SNP  single nucleotide polymorphism  T1,2D  type 1,2 diabetes  RA  rheumatoid arthritis  ABCA1  ATP-binding cassette transporter A1  PPAR-γ  peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ  IL  interleukin  ABCG  ATP-binding cassette sub-family G  CETP  cholesteryl ester transfer protein  SR-B1  scavenger receptor class B member 1  MODY3  maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 3  MUP  major urinary protein  RBP  retinol binding protein  RAR  retinoic acid receptor  TR  thyroid hormone receptor  PI3K  phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase  DHC  dihydrocapsaicin  HRE  hormone response element  IGF-1  insulin-like growth factors  PAF-R  platelet activating factor receptor  TGF-α,β  transforming growth factor-α,β  EGF  epidermal growth factor  HGF  hepatic growth factor  VLDL  very low-density lipoprotein  LDL  low-density lipoprotein  ldlr  LDL receptor  ldlr−/−  LDL-receptor deficient  LCAT  lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase  CE  cholesteryl ester  TC  total cholesterol  LDL-C  LDL cholesterol  VLDL-C  VLDL cholesterol  CHD  coronary heart disease  Mets  metabolic syndrome  S1PR  S1P receptor  NF-κB  nuclear factor-κB  NO  nitrogen oxide  eNOS  endothelial nitric oxide synthase  apoM-TgN mice  mice overexpressing human apoM by approximately two-fold  apoM-TgH mice  mice overexpressing human apoM by approximately ten-fold  apoM−/− mice  apoM-null mice  apoE−/−  apoE-null mice  Apolipoprotein M  Regulation  Function  

caveolin 1  hypertension  nitric oxide synthase type III  AMP-activated protein kinases  

Cell  Line  Endothelial  Cells/cytology/*enzymology  Fatty  Acids,  Nonesterified/*pharmacology  Humans  Indoles/pharmacology  Maleimides/pharmacology  Nitric  Oxide  Synthase  Type  III/*metabolism  Oleic  Acid/pharmacology  Protein  Kinase  C/antagonists  &  inhibitors/*metabolism/physiology  Umbilical  Veins/cytology