20C  Autophagy  Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs)  Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4)  Protein kinase B (Akt)  Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR)  

Akt  protein kinase B  Atg  autophagy related gene  CNS  central nervous system  COX-2  cyclooxygenase-2  CQ  chloroquine  ERK  extracellular signal-regulated kinase  IL-1β  interleukin-1β  iNOS  inducible nitric oxide synthase  JNK  c-jun NH2-terminal kinase  LPS  Lipopolysaccharide  MAPKs  mitogen-activated protein kinases  mTOR  mechanistic target of rapamycin  NO  nitric oxide  PI3K  phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase  PRR  pattern recognition receptor  TLR4  toll like receptor 4  TNF-α  tumor necrosis factor-α  20C  Autophagy  Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs)  Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4)  Protein kinase B (Akt)  Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR)  

Ginsenoside-Rd  Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)  Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)  Antioxidant enzymes  Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B)  Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs)  

Kaempferol (Kae)  Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)  Cytokines  Tissue oxidative injury  Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappa B)  Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs)  

Psychological stress  Toll-like 4  NF-κB  Cytokines  Innate immune  Atherosclerosis  HPA  hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal  SAM  sympathetic-adrenal-medullary  SNS  sympathetic nervous system  Th1, Th2  T helper cell type1, T helper cell type 2  NE  norepinephrine  CRF  corticotropin-releasing factor  POMC  proopiomelanocortin  ACTH  adrenocorticotropic hormone  α-MSH  alpha melanocyte-stimulating hormone  CNS  central nervous system  CRP  C-reactive protein  CD  cluster of differentiation  NK  natural killer  CMV  cytomegalovirus  HSV  herpes simplex virus  VZV  varicella zoster virus  IL-1, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10  interleukin-1, interleukin-4, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, interleukin-10  NF-κB  nuclear factor-κB  PBMCs  peripheral blood monocytes  apoE−/− mice  apolipoprotein E knockout mice  LDL  low-density lipoprotein  TLRs, TLR4  Toll-like receptors, Toll-like receptor 4  PRRs  pattern-recognition receptors  SRs  scavenger receptors  oxLDL  oxidized low density lipoprotein  PAMPs  pathogen-associated molecular patterns  PNI  psychoneuroimmunology  GC  glucocorticoid  MR  mineraloreceptor  GR  glucocorticoid receptor  TNF-α  tumor necrosis factor-alpha  LPS  lipopolysaccharide  APPs  acute phase proteins  APR  acute phase response  HSP  heat shock protein  EDA  extra domain A  DAMPs  damage-associated molecular patterns  siRNA  small interfering RNA  MAPKs  mitogen activated protein kinases  MyD88  myeloid differentiation factor-88  TRIF  TIR domain-containing adapter protein inducing IFN-β  ACS  acute coronary syndrome  CHD  coronary heart disease  M-CSF  macrophage-colony-stimulating factor  ICAM-1  intercellular adhesion molecule-1  VCAM-1  vascular cell adhesion molecule-1  MMPs  matrix-degrading matrix metalloproteinases  β-AR  beta-adrenergic receptor  CI  confidence interval