| 题名 | 指纹识别中几个实用问题的研究 |
| 作者 | 张阳阳 |
| 学位类别 | 工学博士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2009-05-29 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院自动化研究所 |
| 导师 | 田捷 |
| 关键词 | 指纹匹配 特征融合 指纹索引 交叉匹配 形变模型 fingerprint matching feature fusion fingerprint indexing fingerprint cross-matching distortion model |
| 其他题名 | Research on Some Practical Tasks in Fingerprint Recognition |
| 学位专业 | 计算机应用技术 |
| 中文摘要 | 本文的内容是在现有指纹识别算法的基础上，研究应用对指纹算法的几个重要需求：1）针对低质量、不完整指纹，实现准确快速的指纹识别；2）具有互用性的指纹匹配算法，提高指纹识别系统的实用性。本文主要的工作和贡献有： 1）针对在低质量、采集面积较小的指纹，提出一种基于特征融合的指纹匹配算法。结合多种局部特征进行指纹细节点特征描述，结合全局方向场选择最优的配准参数，最后融合局部特征和全局特征的相似度得到匹配分数。该方法对低质量指纹和小面积指纹的处理具有一定的鲁棒性。 2）针对大规模指纹数据库上的指纹识别，提出一种基于分层局部细节点特征的索引算法，在局部细节点匹配时选择多层、从上到下的比对方法，对每个输入细节点进行候选细节点排序。统计出两个索引变量，实现大规模指纹库上的索引，该算法可以提高形变指纹库上的索引准确性。 3）针对多采集仪间指纹交叉匹配进行研究。采用一个从粗到细的方法来估计指纹间的缩放参数，并在配准中基于三层形变模型逼近指纹细节点间的变换参数。多采集仪数据库上的试验结果证明该算法能够有效的处理交叉匹配中的非线性形变，提高匹配性能。 总的说来，本文在针对指纹识别算法的实用中的一些问题作了有益的探索。 |
| 英文摘要 | Recently, great improvement has been achieved in the fingerprint sensing technology and automatic recognition algorithms. Various techniques, including fingerprint acquisition, classification, enhancement and matching, are highly advanced as well. However, there are still some challenging tasks in the practical application of fingerprint recognition, such as matching of poor-quality and partial fingerprints, fingerprint indexing, cross-matching of multi-type fingerprints, etc. These issues seriously affect the whole fingerprint recognition system's performance. In this paper, we will discuss these challenging issues. The main contributions of this thesis include: 1) We represent the fingerprint with a novel local feature descriptor, which is composed of minutia, the sample points on associated ridge and the adjacent orientation distribution. Then a novel fingerprint recognition method is proposed combining the orientation field and the local feature descriptor. The similarity score is evaluated by fusing the orientation field and the local feature descriptor. The experiments have been conducted on three large-scale databases. The comparison results approve that our algorithm is more accurate and robust for those poor-quality and partial fingerprints. 2) We propose a novel minutiae indexing method for fingerprint indexing, which can also speed up those minutiae structure-based fingerprint matching algorithms. An orderly sequence of features is extracted to describe each minutia and the indexing score is defined to select minutiae candidates from the query fingerprint for each input minutia. The proposed method is applied in both fingerprint identification and minutiae structure-based verification on large-distorted fingerprint databases (FVC2004). The experimental results confirm its validity in improving the accuracy and efficiency. 3) We develop a novel cross-matching algorithm for the fingerprints captured with multi-type sensors. A coarse-fine method is used to estimate the optimal scale between the input and template fingerprints. Then a hierarchical registration algorithm is proposed to handle the non-linear distortion among multiple kinds of sensors. Experimental results on the FINGERPASS cross-matching databases demonstrate that our algorithm effectively improve the performance of cross-matching. To sum up, in this thesis we have made a lot of fruitful attempts and significant progresses on some practical problems in fingerprint recognit... |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 其他标识符 | 200618014629097 |
| 内容类型 | 学位论文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.ia.ac.cn/handle/173211/6179]  |
| 专题 | 毕业生_博士学位论文 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 张阳阳. 指纹识别中几个实用问题的研究[D]. 中国科学院自动化研究所. 中国科学院研究生院. 2009. |
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