| 题名 | 二元混合离子液体预处理秸秆的研究 |
| 作者 | 徐婷婷 |
| 学位类别 | 工程硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2014-05 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 导师 | 吕兴梅 |
| 关键词 | 生物质 纤维素 二元离子液体 预处理 |
| 其他题名 | Pretreatment research of biomass by binary ionic liquids |
| 学位专业 | 化学工程 |
| 中文摘要 | 生物质在可再生资源能源领域拥有巨大的潜力，但由于木质纤维素复杂的结构，一般的处理方法难以使它得到充分利用。离子液体作为一种广泛应用的优良溶剂，在处理木质纤维素上有着独特的优势。近年来，离子液体处理秸秆研究主要集中在单一离子液体上，但是单一离子液体预处理能力有限，本课题采用二元混合离子液体，在生物质预处理规律上展开了一系列研究。其具体内容和实验结果如下： （1） 合成了1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑磷酸二甲酯（[Emim][DMP]）、1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑磷酸二乙酯（[Emim][DEP]）、1,3-二乙基咪唑磷酸二乙酯盐（[Eeim][DEP]）、1,3-二甲基咪唑磷酸二甲酯盐（[Mmim][DMP]）、1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑磷酸二丁酯（[Bmim][DBP]）五种离子液体，通过1HMR、FT-IR、MS等表征手段分析其结构，并测定其纯度大于99%。 （2） 以美国国家再生能源实验室（NREL）碳水化合物分析方法为基础， 通过调节色谱条件、水解温度和时间，使木质纤维素完全水解为单糖，并以灰分并入木质素的方式，减少了原来计算中因灰分含量过低带来的系统误差，提高了计算的准确性， 从而实现组分的精确计算。 （3） 以四种离子液体组成不同类型的二元离子液体溶剂体系预处理秸秆，结果表明 [Bmim]Cl和[Emim][OAc]这二元体系对秸秆预处理有较好的效果。考察了溶剂配比、反应温度及时间对溶解率和秸秆组分分布的影响。在最佳条件90 ℃、3 h下，以含[Bmim]Cl摩尔分数0.4的溶剂处理后，秸秆溶解率达到最大46.53%，处理后秸秆中纤维素提高到55.77%。 （4）研究了相同阳离子[Emim]+，不同阴离子Cl-、[DMP]-、[DEP]-的离子液体二元混合溶剂对秸秆预处理的影响。结果表明磷酸酯类离子液体在纤维素溶解上的选择性要高于氯盐，当两种磷酸酯类离子液体混合之后，含[Emim][DMP]摩尔分数0.8处理后，秸秆中纤维素含量可以维持不变，但木质素含量下降到9.02%。 |
| 英文摘要 | Biomass has great potential in the field of renewable energy resources. However, due to the complex structure of lignocellulose, it is difficult to achieve full utilization by general approaches. As excellent and widely used solvent, ionic liquids possess unique advantages in biomass pretreatment. Recently, the subject has been mainly focused on the single ionic liquid system, whose limits are obvious. Based on the above facts, a series of research was carried out with binary ionic liquids system to study its performance in biomass pretreatment. The specific contents are as follows: (1) Five alkylphosphate ionic liquids were synthesized and characterized by NMR, FT-IR and MS, which are [Emim][DMP], [Emim][DEP], [Eeim][DEP], [Mmim][DMP] and [Bmim][DBP]. (2) A method to completely deploymerize lignocelluloses into monosaccharide was developed based upon the carbonhydrate analytical method of National Renewable Energy Laboratory, by adjusting HPLC conditions, hydrolysis time and temperature. The ash content was integrated into lignin content in order to minimize the systematic error, making the biomass content calculation more precise. (3) Four binary ionic liquid systems were devolped based on the cheap and facile [Bmim]Cl, and the [Bmim]Cl/[Emim][OAc] combination was proved to be the best solvent in biomass pretreatment. Experiments with different mole-ratios, reation temperature and time were conducted to study their effects on biomass pretreatment. The optimal conditions were proved to be [Bmim]Cl mole ratio=0.4, 90 oC, 3h. The largest dissolution ratio was 46.53% and the cellulose content in preatreated cornstalk was increased to 55.77%. (4) Furthermore, effect of anion was also studied. Binary ionic liquid solvents consisting of [Emim] + as cation, Cl-/ [DMP]-/ [DEP] - as anions were used in cornstalk pretreatment. The results proved that alkylphosphate ionic liquids were more efficient in cellulose dissolution than the chloride ones. When the mole ratio of [Emim][DMP] was 0.8 in the [Emim][DMP]/[Emim][DEP] combination, the cellulose content in pretreated cornstalk would keep stable, while lignin content decreased to 9.02%. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2015-07-08 |
| 内容类型 | 学位论文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.ipe.ac.cn/handle/122111/15579]  |
| 专题 | 过程工程研究所_研究所（批量导入） |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 徐婷婷. 二元混合离子液体预处理秸秆的研究[D]. 中国科学院研究生院. 2014. |
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