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题名	空间粘滞液体阻尼隔振器研究
作者	陈涛
学位类别	硕士
答辩日期	2014-11
授予单位	中国科学院大学
导师	陈立恒
关键词	光学载荷 隔振器 阻尼系数 有限元分析 振动实验
学位专业	机械制造及其自动化
中文摘要	为了抑制卫星对空间光学载荷的扰动，需对望光学载荷进行隔振设计。被动隔振技术因其可靠性高、隔振效果好等优点而被广泛应用于航天领域。为此，本文设计了一种空间用粘滞液体隔振器，它具有密封可靠、空间环境适应性好等优点。 首先介绍了国内外隔振器的发展现状及相关的隔振理论，然后根据空间光学遥感器的隔振需求确定了隔振器的结构参数，设计了一种具有三向刚度的弹簧片，采用有限单元法研究了影响弹簧片刚度的几个主要参数——厚度、波数和圆弧半径。根据流体力学相关知识建立了隔振器阻尼力计算模型，并研究了阻尼孔长度、阻尼孔半径及阻尼液粘度对阻尼系数的影响。在隔振器刚度和阻尼设计的基础上完成了隔振器结构设计，并充分考虑结构工艺性、密封、注油等问题。 其次，将采用上述方法设计的隔振器分别应用到1 m口径相机隔振系统及定位臂隔振系统中。利用有限元分析软件建立相机及隔振系统有限元模型，通过模态分析及频响分析得到其前六阶模态及传递率曲线，仿真结果表明：该隔振系统可使 20Hz 以上的振动衰减达到 60%，满足隔振要求。将隔振器应用在光学设施运动补偿的定位臂上，并对系统进行仿真分析，分析结果表明隔振器可将系统摆动频率控制在1Hz以内，可有效抑制光学设施的振幅。 最后，进行了隔振器的性能实验，采用力锤敲击法分别测试隔振器在不同阻尼孔直径、不同阻尼液粘度和不同构型下的隔振性能，还对隔振器—质量块系统进行模态分析，得到系统前三阶模态，并与实验结果对比，实验结果与有限元仿真结果误差控制在4%以内。通过实验结果验证了隔振器有限元模型的正确性，数据处理后得到阻尼液粘度和粘滞损失因子之间的数值关系，据此我们可以设计出所需刚度和阻尼系数的隔振器，缩短工程设计时间，降低设计成本。
英文摘要	In order to suppress the disturbance of space optics load caused by the satellite, there is a need for optical payload isolation design. Passive vibration isolation technology is widely used in the aerospace field because of its high reliability and excellent isolation effect. This paper designed a viscous fluid damper used in space, which could be sealed reliably and adapted the space environment well. First it introduced the development of the isolator at home and abroad and the related theories, then calculated the structural parameters of the isolator according to the demand of space optical remote sensor isolation. A spring sheet with three directions stiffness was designed. It used finite element method to study several key parameters which influence the spring stiffness - thickness, arc number and arc radius. The isolator damping force calculation model was created according to the relevant theory of fluid mechanics. It also researched how the length of the orifice, the orifice radius and the viscosity of the fluid influence the damping coefficient. On the basis of the isolator stiffness and damping coefficient, the isolator structure design was finished with full consideration of the crafts, sealing, oiling and other issues. Then apply the isolator to 1 m diameter camera vibration isolation system and the positioning arm isolation system. Build its finite element model to get the first six modal and transfer rate curve by modal analysis and frequency response analysis. The simulation results show that the vibration attenuation rate is more than 60% when the vibration frequency is higher than 20Hz.The isolator was also used in the positioning arm for optical facilities movement compensation. According to the simulation results, the system’s swing frequency can be controlled within 1Hz, which can effectively suppress the amplitude of the optical facilities. Finally use hammer percussion method to test the isolator performance at different orifice diameters, different damping fluid viscosity and different configurations. In addition, modal analysis of the isolator-mass system was made to get the first three modes and compare it with the experimental results. According to the results we can see that the error between experimental results and the finite element simulation results is controlled within 4%. After data processing it could get the numerical value relationship between viscosity and viscous fluid damping loss factor, whereby we can design the expectant isolator stiffness and damping with less time and costs.
语种	中文
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.ciomp.ac.cn/handle/181722/44641]
专题	长春光学精密机械与物理研究所_中科院长春光机所知识产出
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	陈涛. 空间粘滞液体阻尼隔振器研究[D]. 中国科学院大学. 2014.

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