21世纪人类科技对于能源的要求提出了新的挑战，不仅要实现能源的可持续利用而且要面对传统能源消耗对于环境的破坏。现代科技往往伴随着能源的巨大消耗， 随之而来还有越来越严重的环境问题。现代工业使得全球环境越来越恶化，严重影响人类社会的生活，危害到人类的身体健康。 随着Fujishima和Honda发现光催化分解水制氢气以来，光催化技术因为具有利用太阳能、清洁方便等优点也逐渐被人们用来研究其在环境治理方面的 应用。传统TiO2作为一种普遍的光催化剂由于具有较宽的禁带宽度，只能利用太阳光中的紫外线部分，所以现如今对于寻找可见光响应的光催化材料显得尤为重 要。本文基于此，采用熔盐法制备出可见光响应的钛酸铋材料（Bi12TiO20、Bi4Ti3O12）以及一维纳米结构的钛酸铜钙 （CaCu3Ti4O12）材料。具体的研究内容如下： （1）、本文通过X射线晶体衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）、投射电镜（TEM）对合成的样品进行了结构和形貌的表征；采用紫外-可见漫反射光谱对样 品进行了光谱吸收性质表征；采用氮气吸附（BET）对样品比表面积进行表征；采用X射线光电子能谱（XPS）对CaCu3Ti4O12样品进行表面元素电 子态表征；采用可见光光催化降解有机染料罗丹明B（RhB）对样品光催化性能进行表征；采用原子力显微镜（AFM）对Bi4Ti3O12样品进行表面电势 的表征，并且用电化学阻抗（EIS）对其载流子传输能力进行表征。 （2）、通过控制Bi/Ti的比例合成了不同形貌的Bi12TiO20钙钛矿型结构钛酸盐，并且研究了不同形貌的Bi12TiO20在可见光下对于有机染 料的光催化降解性能，得出其形貌与其光催化性能的关系。 （3）、研究了不同温度和灼烧时间对于合成的Bi4Ti3O12材料的形貌影响，发现在NaCl和KCl熔盐体系下，温度低于750℃，灼烧时间少于2h 的条件不能合成出纯相的Bi4Ti3O12材料。优化温度和时间后，通过控制不同熔盐的量制备出了尺寸大小可控的Bi4Ti3O12材料，并且研究了其形 貌因素对于其光催化性能的影响，采用表面探针显微镜证实其铁电性质自发极化引起的内部电场对于提高它的光催化性能有着很重要的意义。 （4）、通过控制不同熔盐体系、熔盐的量以及灼烧时间等条件，合成了立方体、二十六面体、一维纳米线和一维纳米带结构的钛酸铜钙材料。并且研究了一维纳米 线和纳米带结构的钛酸铜钙材料对于气态H2O2的检测性能，发现纳米线和纳米带结构的钛酸铜钙材料对于气态H2O2的检测有明显的性能差别，推测这两种样 品表面元素电子态存在的差别是这一现象的可能原因。为钛酸盐材料在环境检测方面的应用做出了一定的贡献。

The 21st Century technology for energy requirements presented new challenges, which is not only to achieve the sustainable use of energy but also to face the destruction of the environment by traditional energy consumption. Modern technology often leads to the huge energy consumption, followed by increasingly serious environmental problems as well. Modern industry also makes the global environment getting worse and worse, which seriously harms human health. With Fujishima and Honda discovered the photocatalytic decomposition of water to get hydrogen, photocatalytic technology has also gradually been applied to environmental governance because of it use solar energy and it’s clean. As a conventional photocatalyst, TiO2 can only use the ultraviolet part of sunlight due to its wide band gap. So, looking for the visible light response photocatalytic materials is particularly important. Based on this, we use molten salt method to prepare visible light response materials (Bi12TiO20, Bi4Ti3O12) and one-dimensional structure of calcium copper titanate material (CaCu3Ti4O12). The specific contents are as following: (1) X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize structure and morphology of the synthesized samples; UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectra was used to characterize the spectral absorption properties of the samples; Nitrogen adsorption (BET) was used to characterize the surface area of the samples; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to characterize the electronic states of surface elements of CaCu3Ti4O12. The experiment of photocatalytic degradation of organic dye rhodamine B (RhB) was used to characterize photocatalytic performance of the samples; Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to measure the surface potential of Bi4Ti3O12, and the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was used to characterize the transport capability of carrier. (2) By controlling the mole ratio of Bi/Ti, we synthesized Bi12TiO20 perovskite titanates with different morphologies, and we studied their efficiencies of photocatalytic degradation organic dyes under visible light. (3) We have studied how the temperature and time affect morphology of the Bi4Ti3O12 materials, after optimizing the temperature and time of the molten salt method, we prepared size-controllable Bi4Ti3O12 materials via controlling the amount of molten salts, and studied how their morphologies affect their photocatalytic properties. And we have confirmed that the ferroelectric properties of Bi4Ti3O12 have a very important significance to their photocatalytic properties by the experiment data of kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM). (4) Using different molten salt systems and controlling the amount of molten salts, we have prepared calcium copper titanate materials with different morphologies, including cubes, polyhedron, one-dimensional nanowires and one-dimensional nanoribbons. And we have studied the detection performances for gaseous H2O2 using the one-dimensional nanowires and nanoribbons structure of calcium copper titanate materials. Found that calcium copper titanate nanowire and nanoribbon structure materials have significant performance differences for the detection of gaseous H2O2 and we speculated that the different electronic states of surface elements of CaCu3Ti4O12 may be responsible for their different performances.