The Critical Role of Thermal Stratification Associated With the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass in Modulating Winter Sea Surface Temperature | |
Liu, Xingchuan2; Yu, Fei1,2; Chen, Zifei2; Si, Guangcheng1,2; Nan, Feng1,2; Wang, Jianfeng1,2; Ren, Qiang1,2; Hu, Yibo2,3 | |
刊名 | JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS |
2024-02-01 | |
卷号 | 129期号:2页码:18 |
ISSN号 | 2169-9275 |
DOI | 10.1029/2023JC020373 |
通讯作者 | Yu, Fei(yuf@qdio.ac.cn) |
英文摘要 | The Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass (YSCWM), a seasonal bottom-layer water mass in the Yellow Sea (YS) most prominent in summer, has always been overlooked in previous studies investigating variations in the winter Sea Surface Temperature. Here, using observations and high-resolution numerical modeling, we reveal for the first time the significant contribution of thermal stratification associated with the YSCWM to the sea surface cooling and the formation of the westward-shifted Yellow Sea Warm Water Tongue (YSWT) in early winter. Heat budget analyses indicated that the impact of the YSCWM to surface cooling manifests in two aspects. First, the upward mixing of bottom cold water from the remnant YSCWM triggers cooling in the mixed layer. Second, the shallower local mixed layer above the YSCWM facilitates more pronounced cooling processes compared to the YSWT region under similar heat flux. The formation of the westward-shifted YSWT is the result of intensified surface cooling in both the coastal shallow waters and the YSCWM region in the central YS. During the formation process of the YSWT, its main axis aligns with the western boundary of the YSCWM. As the YSCWM dissipates, the YSWT shows an eastward apparent displacement and eventually stabilizes near approximately 123 degrees E. This study enriches our understanding of the transition from stratification to vertical homogeneity in the water temperature structure of the YS during early winter. The Yellow Sea (YS), a shallow marginal sea in the northwestern Pacific, experiences significant seasonal variations in water temperature. During summer, the YS has layers of different temperatures with a colder water mass deep down. During winter, the water temperature becomes vertically uniform, and a tongue-shaped warm water extends toward the northwest. Earlier studies of winter temperature changes in the YS often did not consider the effect of the cold water mass. Our research, using both observations and numerical models, shows that this cold water mass plays an important role in how the surface temperature changes in winter and proposes a novel mechanism for the formation of the winter warm water tongue. The thermal stratification associated with the bottom cold water mass contributes to stronger sea surface cooling through two processes: the upward mixing of cold deep-water and the shallowing of the mixed layer. Additionally, the stronger cooling in both the deep waters and the coastal shallow waters result in the formation of the warm water tongue between these two regions. Understanding these changes is important for studying the YS's climate and its impact on marine life. The Yellow Sea (YS) Cold Water Mass significantly contributes to the winter sea surface cooling in the YS The effects of the YS Cold Water Mass are manifested in upward mixing of bottom cold water and shallowing of the mixed layer The YS Warm Water Tongue forms under stronger cooling in the nearshore waters and the region of the YS Cold Water Mass |
资助项目 | China Postdoctoral Science Foundation ; Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province[ZR2023QD012] ; Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province[ZR2023QD077] ; Qingdao Postdoctoral Applied Research Project[QDBSH20220202167] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China[42306008] ; Taishan Scholars Program[tsqn202306282] ; [2023M733525] ; [2023M743523] |
WOS关键词 | WARM CURRENT ; SEASONAL VARIABILITY ; CHINA SEA ; EVOLUTION ; FRONTS ; FLUXES |
WOS研究方向 | Oceanography |
语种 | 英语 |
出版者 | AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION |
WOS记录号 | WOS:001172520900001 |
内容类型 | 期刊论文 |
源URL | [http://ir.qdio.ac.cn/handle/337002/184529] |
专题 | 海洋研究所_海洋环流与波动重点实验室 |
通讯作者 | Yu, Fei |
作者单位 | 1.Chinese Acad Sci, Ctr Ocean Megasci, Qingdao, Peoples R China 2.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Oceanol, Key Lab Ocean Circulat & Waves, Qingdao, Peoples R China 3.Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Liu, Xingchuan,Yu, Fei,Chen, Zifei,et al. The Critical Role of Thermal Stratification Associated With the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass in Modulating Winter Sea Surface Temperature[J]. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS,2024,129(2):18. |
APA | Liu, Xingchuan.,Yu, Fei.,Chen, Zifei.,Si, Guangcheng.,Nan, Feng.,...&Hu, Yibo.(2024).The Critical Role of Thermal Stratification Associated With the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass in Modulating Winter Sea Surface Temperature.JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS,129(2),18. |
MLA | Liu, Xingchuan,et al."The Critical Role of Thermal Stratification Associated With the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass in Modulating Winter Sea Surface Temperature".JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS 129.2(2024):18. |
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