A novel index of total oxygen demand for the comprehensive evaluation of energy consumption for urban wastewater treatment

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.11.101

CORC > 兰州理工大学 > 兰州理工大学 > 土木工程学院

	A novel index of total oxygen demand for the comprehensive evaluation of energy consumption for urban wastewater treatment
	Luo, Li 2,3,4,5,6; Dzakpasu, Mawuli 2,3,4,5,6; Yang, Baichuan 2,3,4,5,6; Zhang, Wushou 1; Yang, Yahong 7; Wang, Xiaochang C.2,3,4,5,6
刊名	Applied Energy
	2019-02-15
卷号	236 页码:253-261
关键词	Ammonia Biochemical oxygen demand Chemicals removal (water treatment) Energy efficiency Energy utilization Nitrogen removal Oxidation Oxygen Quality control Reclamation Sewage pumping plants Sewage treatment plants Wastewater treatment Water treatment plants Biological oxygen demand Comprehensive evaluation Energy efficiency evaluation Loading rate Total oxygen demand (TOD) Treatment scale Wastewater treatment plants Wastewater treatment technologies
ISSN号	03062619
DOI	10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.11.101
英文摘要	In wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), the majority of energy inputs is consumed by aeration systems to support both the biochemical oxidation of organics and transformation of ammonia-nitrogen into nitrate-nitrogen. Consequently, WWTPs energy efficiency evaluation only based on metrics derived from the organic constituents such as chemical oxygen demand (COD) or biological oxygen demand (BOD) may not reflect the true energy consumption of WWTPs with variable influent quality. Therefore, to overcome this limitation, total oxygen demand (TOD) is introduced in this article, and a novel index EO, namely the energy consumption for the removal of a unit mass of TOD is proposed for evaluating the energy efficiency in WWTPs. Furthermore, by considering the stoichiometric relations of oxygen consumption for the oxidation of both organics and ammonia-nitrogen, methods for calculating the EO are proposed. Using the novel EO index and the available annual operation data of 2022 WWTPs, the current status of energy consumption for wastewater treatment in China were analyzed. The findings show an average EO decrease from 5.2 kWh/kg to 1.2 kWh/kg as the WWTP loading rates increase from 20% to 100%. Also, EO decreased from 4.1 kWh/kg to 1.5 kWh/kg as the average TOD removal increased from 60% to over 90%. Moreover, EO decreased from 2.9 kWh/kg to 1.0 kWh/kg as the WWTP scale increased from less than 10,000 m3/d to over 5,00,000 m3/d. Thus, the energy efficiency of WWTPs increases with increasing loading rates, TOD removal, and scale. Also, the wastewater treatment technology applied influences the EO significantly, especially for small- and medium-size WWTPs with capacities less than 50,000 m3/d which account for circa 76% of all WWTPs in China. The WWTPs applying sequential batch tractors (SBR) tended to show lower average EO (2/O) and oxidation ditch (DO) (1.9 kWh/kg ≤ EO ≤ 2.0 kWh/kg). Thus, as an index of the energy consumption per unit mass of TOD removed, EO reflects the essence of wastewater treatment for pollutants removal in contrast to other existing energy indices based on the volume of treated wastewater. Moreover, due to the large variability of the WWTPs influent qualities, the TOD contributed by ammonia-nitrogen varied widely between 12.2% and 80.7% of the total TOD. Therefore, EO calculation based on TOD but not merely the organic component (COD or BOD) provides a more comprehensive index for evaluating and optimizing the energy efficiency of WWTPs. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd
WOS研究方向	Energy & Fuels ; Engineering
语种	英语
出版者	Elsevier Ltd
WOS记录号	WOS:000458712500023
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://ir.lut.edu.cn/handle/2XXMBERH/150206]
专题	土木工程学院
作者单位	1.CSCES, AECOM Consultants, Co., Ltd., No. 456, Dingxi Road, Lanzhou; 730000, China; 2.International Science & Technology Cooperation Centre for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, No. 13, Yanta Road, Xi'an; 710055, China; 3.Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, No. 13, Yanta Road, Xi'an; 710055, China; 4.Shaanxi Engineering Technology Research Centre for Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, No. 13, Yanta Road, Xi'an; 710055, China; 5.Shaanxi Key Lab of Environmental Engineering, No. 13, Yanta Road, Xi'an; 710055, China; 6.Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13, Yanta Road, Xi'an; 710055, China; 7.School of Civil Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou; 730050, China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Luo, Li,Dzakpasu, Mawuli,Yang, Baichuan,et al. A novel index of total oxygen demand for the comprehensive evaluation of energy consumption for urban wastewater treatment[J]. Applied Energy,2019,236:253-261.
APA	Luo, Li,Dzakpasu, Mawuli,Yang, Baichuan,Zhang, Wushou,Yang, Yahong,&Wang, Xiaochang C..(2019).A novel index of total oxygen demand for the comprehensive evaluation of energy consumption for urban wastewater treatment.Applied Energy,236,253-261.
MLA	Luo, Li,et al."A novel index of total oxygen demand for the comprehensive evaluation of energy consumption for urban wastewater treatment".Applied Energy 236(2019):253-261.