A novel index of total oxygen demand for the comprehensive evaluation of energy consumption for urban wastewater treatment

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.11.101

CORC > 兰州理工大学 > 兰州理工大学 > 土木工程学院

	A novel index of total oxygen demand for the comprehensive evaluation of energy consumption for urban wastewater treatment
	Luo, Li 1,2,3,4,5; Dzakpasu, Mawuli 1,2,3,4,5; Yang, Baichuan 1,2,3,4,5; Zhang, Wushou 6; Yang, Yahong 7; Wang, Xiaochang C.1,2,3,4,5
刊名	APPLIED ENERGY
	2019-02-15
卷号	236 页码:253-261
关键词	Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) Energy consumption Total oxygen demand (TOD) Treatment scale Loading rate
ISSN号	0306-2619
DOI	10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.11.101
英文摘要	In wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), the majority of energy inputs is consumed by aeration systems to support both the biochemical oxidation of organics and transformation of ammonia-nitrogen into nitrate-nitrogen. Consequently, WWTPs energy efficiency evaluation only based on metrics derived from the organic constituents such as chemical oxygen demand (COD) or biological oxygen demand (BOD) may not reflect the true energy consumption of WWTPs with variable influent quality. Therefore, to overcome this limitation, total oxygen demand (TOD) is introduced in this article, and a novel index E-o, namely the energy consumption for the removal of a unit mass of TOD is proposed for evaluating the energy efficiency in WWTPs. Furthermore, by considering the stoichiometric relations of oxygen consumption for the oxidation of both organics and ammonia nitrogen, methods for calculating the E-o are proposed. Using the novel E-o index and the available annual operation data of 2022 WWTPs, the current status of energy consumption for wastewater treatment in China were analyzed. The findings show an average E-o decrease from 5.2 kWh/kg to 1.2 kWh/kg as the WWTP loading rates increase from 20% to 100%. Also, E-o decreased from 4.1 kWh/kg to 1.5 kWh/kg as the average TOD removal increased from 60% to over 90%. Moreover, E-o decreased from 2.9 kWh/kg to 1.0 kWh/kg as the WWTP scale increased from less than 10,000 m(3)/d to over 5,00,000 m(3)/d. Thus, the energy efficiency of WWTPs increases with increasing loading rates, TOD removal, and scale. Also, the wastewater treatment technology applied influences the E-o significantly, especially for small-and medium-size WWTPs with capacities less than 50,000 m(3)/d which account for circa 76% of all WWTPs in China. The WWTPs applying sequential batch tractors (SBR) tended to show lower average E-o (< 1.7 kWh/kg) than those applying anaerobic/oxic (A/O), anaerobic/ anoxic/oxic (A(2)/O) and oxidation ditch (DO) (1.9 kWh/kg <= 5 E-o <= 2.0 kWh/kg). Thus, as an index of the energy consumption per unit mass of TOD removed, E-o reflects the essence of wastewater treatment for pollutants removal in contrast to other existing energy indices based on the volume of treated wastewater. Moreover, due to the large variability of the WWTPs influent qualities, the TOD contributed by ammonia-nitrogen varied widely between 12.2% and 80.7% of the total TOD. Therefore, E-o calculation based on TOD but not merely the organic component (COD or BOD) provides a more comprehensive index for evaluating and optimizing the energy efficiency of WWTPs.
资助项目	Program for Innovative Research Team in Shaanxi Province[2013KCT-13]
WOS研究方向	Energy & Fuels ; Engineering
语种	英语
出版者	ELSEVIER SCI LTD
WOS记录号	WOS:000458712500023
状态	已发表
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://119.78.100.223/handle/2XXMBERH/32096]
专题	土木工程学院
通讯作者	Wang, Xiaochang C.
作者单位	1.Int Sci & Technol Cooperat Ctr Urban Alternat Wat, 13 Yanta Rd, Xian 710055, Shaanxi, Peoples R China 2.MOE, Key Lab Northwest Water Resource Environm & Ecol, 13 Yanta Rd, Xian 710055, Shaanxi, Peoples R China 3.Shaanxi Engn Technol Res Ctr Wastewater Treatment, 13 Yanta Rd, Xian 710055, Shaanxi, Peoples R China 4.Shaanxi Key Lab Environm Engn, 13 Yanta Rd, Xian 710055, Shaanxi, Peoples R China 5.Xian Univ Architecture & Technol, 13 Yanta Rd, Xian 710055, Shaanxi, Peoples R China 6.AECOM Consultants Co Ltd, CSCES, 456 Dingxi Rd, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, Peoples R China 7.Lanzhou Univ Technol, Sch Civil Engn, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Luo, Li,Dzakpasu, Mawuli,Yang, Baichuan,et al. A novel index of total oxygen demand for the comprehensive evaluation of energy consumption for urban wastewater treatment[J]. APPLIED ENERGY,2019,236:253-261.
APA	Luo, Li,Dzakpasu, Mawuli,Yang, Baichuan,Zhang, Wushou,Yang, Yahong,&Wang, Xiaochang C..(2019).A novel index of total oxygen demand for the comprehensive evaluation of energy consumption for urban wastewater treatment.APPLIED ENERGY,236,253-261.
MLA	Luo, Li,et al."A novel index of total oxygen demand for the comprehensive evaluation of energy consumption for urban wastewater treatment".APPLIED ENERGY 236(2019):253-261.