Heavy Metal Concentrations in Orchard Soils with Different Cultivation Durations and Their Potential Ecological Risks in Shaanxi Province, Northwest China

doi:10.3390/su13094741

	Heavy Metal Concentrations in Orchard Soils with Different Cultivation Durations and Their Potential Ecological Risks in Shaanxi Province, Northwest China
	Dong, Hongmei 1; Zhao, Jingbo 2,3,4; Xie, Mengping 3,5
刊名	SUSTAINABILITY
	2021-05-01
卷号	13 期号:9 页码:11
关键词	orchard soils cultivating years heavy metal pollution risk assessment
DOI	10.3390/su13094741
通讯作者	Dong, Hongmei(donghm1230@163.com)
英文摘要	The heavy metal pollution of soils, resulting from long-term fertilizing activity, is becoming serious in many countries, endangering ecological safety and human health. This study employed inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to investigate concentrations of eight heavy metal elements (Cd, Hg, As, Pb, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn) in five apple orchard soil profiles after different cultivation durations, one modern intercropping farmland soil profile, and one natural soil profile from Baishui County, in Shaanxi Province, Northwest China. The potential risk associated with the presence of heavy metals in the soils was assessed by the single-factor pollution index (P-i), Nemerow comprehensive index (NCI), and potential ecological risk index (RI). Results showed that the average concentrations of Cr, Ni, As, Pb, and Hg in the farmland soil were higher than those in the apple orchard soils. The average concentrations of Ni, Cu, As, and Hg in the apple orchard soils reached the highest after 25 years of cultivation. The results imply that concentrations of heavy metals will increase with increasing cultivation time. The farmland soil had the highest NCIs, while the NCIs of the apple orchard soils also increased with cultivation time. Compared with the quality standards of pollution-free orchards and green food production areas, all P(i)s and NCIs were less than 1 and 0.7, respectively, indicating that the soils were in healthy condition. The RI results also suggest that the soils have a low ecological risk (RI < 150). Although the potential ecological risk is currently low, predicting and reducing heavy metal input should be considered.
资助项目	National Natural Science Foundation of China[41930641] ; China Geological Survey[[2019]057] ; Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics[KLACP201904] ; State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology in Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences[SKLLQG2013] ; State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology in Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences[SKLLQG1934] ; Xi'an University of Science and Technology
WOS关键词	POLLUTION ; CONTAMINATION ; LEAVES ; AREA
WOS研究方向	Science & Technology - Other Topics ; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
语种	英语
出版者	MDPI
WOS记录号	WOS:000650909300001
资助机构	National Natural Science Foundation of China ; China Geological Survey ; Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics ; State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology in Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences ; Xi'an University of Science and Technology
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://ir.ieecas.cn/handle/361006/16397]
专题	地球环境研究所_古环境研究室
通讯作者	Dong, Hongmei
作者单位	1.Xian Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Management, Xian 710054, Peoples R China 2.Shaanxi Normal Univ, Sch Geog & Tourism, Xian 710119, Peoples R China 3.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Earth Environm, State Key Lab Loess & Quaternary Geol, Xian 710061, Peoples R China 4.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Earth Environm, Key Lab Aerosol Chem & Phys, Xian 710061, Peoples R China 5.Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Coll Resources & Environm, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Dong, Hongmei,Zhao, Jingbo,Xie, Mengping. Heavy Metal Concentrations in Orchard Soils with Different Cultivation Durations and Their Potential Ecological Risks in Shaanxi Province, Northwest China[J]. SUSTAINABILITY,2021,13(9):11.
APA	Dong, Hongmei,Zhao, Jingbo,&Xie, Mengping.(2021).Heavy Metal Concentrations in Orchard Soils with Different Cultivation Durations and Their Potential Ecological Risks in Shaanxi Province, Northwest China.SUSTAINABILITY,13(9),11.
MLA	Dong, Hongmei,et al."Heavy Metal Concentrations in Orchard Soils with Different Cultivation Durations and Their Potential Ecological Risks in Shaanxi Province, Northwest China".SUSTAINABILITY 13.9(2021):11.