| 题名 | 创业者大六人格特质对创业绩效的影响——创业自我效能感的中介以及性别的调节 |
| 作者 | 张俊华 |
| 答辩日期 | 2020-01 |
| 文献子类 | 硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 周明洁 |
| 关键词 | 大六人格 人际关系性 创业绩效 创业自我效能感 性别 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士（同等学力硕士） |
| 其他题名 | The Influence of Big Six Factor Traits on Entrepreneurial Performance, the Mediating Role of Entrepreneurial Self-efficacy and the Moderating Role of Gender |
| 学位专业 | 应用心理学 |
| 中文摘要 | Under the historical background of Mass entrepreneurship and innovation, people from all parts of society with different background are throwing themselves into entrepreneurship, however, successful entrepreneurial rate is not so good as we expected. In the west, Big Five Personality theory is one of the most popular and classic theories to explain entrepreneurial success. While exploring entrepreneurial success of Chinese people, emic characteristics should be taken into consideration. For Chinese people, Interpersonal Relatedness is another important personality, so Big Six Personality (Big Five Personality plus Interpersonal Relatedness) theory would be more thorough to explain entrepreneurial success of Chinese This study attempts to explore how Big Six Personality traits affect the entrepreneurial performance of all kind of entrepreneurs including undergraduates and social adults in the Chinese context, and entrepreneurship gender difference.Study 1 Objective: To explore how personality traits of undergraduate entrepreneurs affect their entrepreneurial performance, the mediating role of Entrepreneurial self-efficacy and the moderated mediating role of Gender. Methodology: We used the questionnaire of NEO-PI-R and Interpersonal Relationship Factor of CPAI-2 to collect data of 208 undergraduate entrepreneurs from Sichuan, Hunan and Henan province, after that we carried out correction and regression analysis, ANOVA analysis, mediating effect analysis and moderating effect analysis. We used Personal Development Satisfaction as the indicator to measure entrepreneurial performance of those undergraduate entrepreneurs. Results:（1）Extroversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness , Openness to Experience and Interpersonal Relatedness are positively related to entrepreneurial performance, Neuroticism is negatively related to entrepreneurial performance.（2）Entrepreneurial self-efficacy plays a Mediating role between personality traits and entrepreneurial performance. （3）Male entrepreneurs and female entrepreneurs differ both in their personalty traits and entrepreneurial performance.（4）Gender does not play a moderated mediating role between personality traits and entrepreneurial performance.Study 2 Objective: To explore how personality traits of social entrepreneurs affect their entrepreneurial performance, the mediating role of Entrepreneurial self-efficacy and the moderated mediating role of Gender. Methodology: We used the questionnaire of NEO-PI-R and Interpersonal Relationship Factor of CPAI-2 to collect data of 332 social entrepreneurs all over the country, after that we carried out correction and regression analysis, ANOVA analysis, mediating effect analysis and moderating effect analysis. We used State of Business, Subjective Entrepreneurial Performance and Weighted Subjective Entrepreneurial Performance as the indicators to measure entrepreneurial performance of those social entrepreneurs. Results:（1）Extroversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness , Openness to Experience and Interpersonal Relatedness are positively related to entrepreneurial performance, Neuroticism is negatively related to entrepreneurial performance.（2）Entrepreneurial self-efficacy plays a Mediating role between personality traits and entrepreneurial performance. （3）Male entrepreneurs and female entrepreneurs differ in their personality traits, but no difference between their entrepreneurial performance.（4）Gender plays a moderated mediating role between personality traits and entrepreneurial performance. Extroversion trait of male entrepreneurs enhances their Entrepreneurial self-efficacy which improves their Entrepreneurial Performance. This effect was not present in Female entrepreneurs. Conclusions:（1）For all kind of entrepreneurs, Extroversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Openness to Experience and Interpersonal Relatedness are positively related to entrepreneurial performance. Neuroticism is negatively related to entrepreneurial performance.（2）For all kind of entrepreneurs, Entrepreneurial self-efficacy plays a Mediating role between personality traits and entrepreneurial performance. （3）Male entrepreneurs and female entrepreneurs differ in their personalty traits, but the difference between their entrepreneurial performance needs to be further discussed.（4）For partial entrepreneurs ,Gender plays a moderating role to affect the Mediating role of Entrepreneurial self-efficacy between Extroversion and entrepreneurial performance. |
| 英文摘要 | 在“大众创业 万众创新”的时代背景下，社会各界人士纷纷投身于创业大潮之中，但创业项目存活率不容乐观。大五人格特质理论是西方学者用来研究创业成功的经典理论，然而在中国背景之下研究创业，需要考虑其文化的特殊性，而人际关系性是中国人重要的人格特质，因此，运用大六人格特质（即：大五人格特质加人际关系性特质）理论来研究中国人的创业成功更具有全面性。本研究聚焦于在中国文化背景下探讨大六人格特质如何影响创业者（包含大学生创业者和社会创业者）的创业绩效，以及创业的性别差异。研究一 目的：探讨大学生创业者的人格特质对其创业绩效的影响，创业自我效能感在其中的中介作用，以及性别对中介作用前半路径的调节作用。方法：利用大五人格量表和CPAI-2(跨文化(中国人)个性测量表(Cross－Cultural［Chinese］Personality Assessment Inventory)中的人际关系性维度量表，对来自四川、湖南、河南共208名大学生创业者进行问卷调查。并对数据进行相关分析、方差分析、中介效应及调节效应分析。创业绩效以大学生创业者的个人成长满意度为测量指标。结果：（1）外向性、宜人性、责任心、开放性以及人际关系性对大学生创业者的创业绩效具有正向预测作用，神经质具有负向预测作用。（2）创业自我效能感在创业者的人格特质和创业绩效之间有中介作用。（3）男性创业者与女性创业者人格特质有差异，其创业绩效有差异。（4）性别对创业自我效能感在创业者人格特质和创业绩效之间的中介作用没有调节效应。研究二 目的：探讨社会创业者的人格特质对其创业绩效的影响，创业自我效能感在其中的中介作用，以及性别对中介作用前半路径的调节作用。方法：利用大五人格量表和CPAI-2中的人际关系维度量表，对来自全国各地的社会创业者共332名进行问卷调查。并对数据进行相关分析、方差分析、中介效应及调节效应分析。创业绩效以社会创业者的经营状况、主观创业绩效及加权主观创业绩效为测量指标。结果：（1）外向性、宜人性、责任心、开放性以及人际关系性对社会创业者的创业绩效具有正向预测作用，神经质具有负向预测作用。（2）创业自我效能感在创业者的人格特质和创业绩效之间有中介作用。（3）男性创业者与女性创业者人格特质有差异，其创业绩效没有差异。（4）性别对创业自我效能感在创业者外向性人格特质和创业绩效之间的中介作用具有调节效应。男性创业者的外向性人格特质促使其创业自我效能感提升，从而提高其创业绩效；而女性创业者外向性人格特质对其创业自我效能感提升效果不显著。研究结论：（1）外向性、宜人性、责任心、开放性以及人际关系性对所有创业者的创业绩效具有正向预测作用;神经质对所有创业者创业绩效具有负向预测作用。（2）男性创业者与女性创业者人格特质有差异。（3）创业自我效能感在所有创业者的人格特质和创业绩效之间有中介作用。（4）性别对部分创业者创业自我效能感在外向性人格特质和创业绩效之间的中介作用具有调节效应。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 内容类型 | 学位论文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/41682]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_社会与工程心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 张俊华. 创业者大六人格特质对创业绩效的影响——创业自我效能感的中介以及性别的调节[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院心理研究所. 2020. |
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