| 题名 | 北斗卫星导航系统故障恢复过程的人因分析 |
| 作者 | 吴沫 |
| 答辩日期 | 2021-01 |
| 文献子类 | 硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 张警吁 |
| 关键词 | 卫星导航系统 故障恢复 任务复杂性 换班时段 团队技能水平 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士（同等学力硕士） |
| 其他题名 | Human Performance Analysis of Processes for Retrieving Beidou Satellite Navigation System during Breakdown |
| 学位专业 | 健康心理学 |
| 中文摘要 | Satellite navigation system is an important spatial information infrastructure, which provides continuous, timely and accurate position, speed and time signals to users all over the world. The operation and maintenance of the system is one of the core tasks after the system is built. With the development of science and technology, satellite navigation system has realized autonomous navigation through inter-satellite links. But even such a highly automated system cannot be separated from the interaction between human behavior and the system, which often affects the performance of the whole system in decision-making, fault diagnosis and emergency disposal. In the daily operation of the system, human participation is mainly embodied in the operation of monitoring, alarm recognition and disposal, fault diagnosis, etc. Whether the performance of human in the interaction with the system meets expectations is one of the key factors affecting the performance of the system. This influence is especially reflected in the task of dealing with unexpected failures. The unexpected failures of satellite navigation system often affect the availability, stability and service index of the system. Rapid response and successful disposal of unexpected failures are important indicators of the performance of the system. How to improve the response and disposal efficiency of unexpected failures is of great significance for the continuous and stable operation of satellite navigation system to reduce the impact of failures on system service indicators.For the first time, this paper uses real events to study how human factors affect the performance of the system in the process of operation and maintenance of satellite navigation system, in order to provide reference for the management, setup and optimization of operation and maintenance of satellite navigation system, to reduce the impact of failure on the system service index and improve the system, and to ensure the continuous and stable operation of the satellite navigation system. The actual data of this study come from the log files of Navigation Service Control Center of Beidou satellite navigation system. The log files contain all kinds of information about the fault handling process of system breakdowns. The time of system failure is random. The operator records the information of key nodes in or after the process of fault handling. In this study, 635 log files of fault handling were collected, 180 of which were navigation fault handling records. Relevant fault information was extracted, including fault property and technical description, fault occurrence time, recovery time and demographic statistics of operators. By sorting out these information, we extract the independent variables that affect task performance, such as task complexity, time of day, shift handover and team skill composition, and select the completion time of sub-tasks in three stages of navigation service failure judgement, on-board diagnosis and recovery, and navigation service reinitiation. The performance of fault handling is analyzed by multiple regression analysis.The results have several significant findings. Firstly, task complexity is the most significant predictor of sub-task completion time in the three stages of fault handling, p < .001. Secondly, when the fault occurs during the shift handover period, the completion time of navigation service reinitiation takes longer, p < .001. Thirdly, when the fault occurs between 0:00 and 4:00, on-board diagnosis and recovery time increases significantly, p < .05. Finally, team members with the most relevant professional background have a significant impact on the completion time of navigation service failure judgment and navigation service reinitiation phase, p < .01, p < .001.The results of this study require managers not only to use professional technology in the field of satellite navigation to improve the system, but also pay attention to the impact of human factors on maintaining the efficient operation of the system. Based on the research results, this paper considers and investigates the specific application of operation and maintenance of satellite navigation system, and puts forward suggestions for managers and designers from the aspects of centralized monitoring means, simplification of routine steps, fault handling responsibility, and isomerization of skill level of operator team, with a view to improving the overall performance of system maintenance, and to guarantee the continuous and stable operation of satellite navigation system. |
| 英文摘要 | 卫星导航系统是重要的空间信息基础设施，向全世界的用户提供连续、及时和准确的位置、速度和时间信号。系统的运行维护工作是系统建成后的核心工作之一。随着科技发展进步，卫星导航系统已经实现了通过星间链路进行自主导航。但即便是这样一个高度自动化运行的系统，仍离不开人的行为与系统的交互，这种交互往往在决策、故障诊断以及突发情况处置等方面会影响整体系统的绩效水平。在系统日常运行过程中，人的参与主要体现在对系统运行状态的监视、警报识别与处置、故障诊断等操作，人在与系统交互过程中的表现是否达到预期，是影响系统运行整体绩效水平的关键因素之一。这种影响尤其体现在突发故障处置的任务中，卫星导航系统的突发故障往往会影响到系统的可用性、稳定性以及系统服务指标，快速响应并成功处置突发故障是系统整体绩效的重要指标之一，如何提高突发故障的响应和处置效率，减少故障对系统服务指标的影响，对卫星导航系统连续稳定运行具有重要意义。本文首次采用真实事件研究了在卫星导航系统的运行维护过程中人的因素如何对系统突发故障处置绩效产生影响，以期为卫星导航系统运行维护工作的管理、设置、优化等提供参考，减少故障对系统服务指标的影响，提高系统维护的整体绩效，更好地保障卫星导航系统连续稳定运行。本研究的实际数据来自北斗卫星导航系统导航业务控制中心的日志记录，日志文件中包含了系统突发故障处置过程的各类信息。系统故障发生时刻是随机的，操作员在故障处置的过程中和处置完毕后对关键节点信息进行记录。本研究共收集了635份突发故障处置的日志文件，其中180份为导航故障处置记录。提取了相关故障信息，包括故障性质及技术描述、故障发生时间、恢复时间、操作人员的人口学统计信息。通过对这些信息的整理，提取转换为任务复杂性、一天中的时间、交接班时段和团队技能结构等多个影响任务绩效的自变量，选取故障处置的导航故障判断、星上诊断与处置、导航业务复位三个阶段子任务的完成时长作为衡量故障处置的绩效，通过多元回归分析研究故障恢复过程的人因影响。结果有几点有意义的发现：首先，任务复杂度是故障处置三个阶段子任务完成时间的最显著预测因子（p < .001）；其次，当故障发生在交接班期间时，导航业务复位阶段花费的时间更长（p < .001）；再次，当故障发生在0:00-4:00之间时，星上诊断与处置时间显著增加（p < .05）；最后，具有与故障性质最相关的专业背景的团队成员对导航故障判断（p < .01）和导航业务复位（p < .001）阶段的完成时间有显著影响。本研究结果建议管理者在运用卫星导航领域专业技术改进系统的同时，也要重视人因对于维持系统高效运行的影响。本文根据研究结果对于卫星导航系统运行维护工作的具体应用进行思考调研，从集中监控手段、简化例行步骤、故障处置责任化以及操作员团队技能水平异质化等方面为管理者和设计者提出了建议，以期提高系统维护的整体绩效，更好地保障卫星导航系统连续稳定运行。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 内容类型 | 学位论文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/41661]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_社会与工程心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 吴沫. 北斗卫星导航系统故障恢复过程的人因分析[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院心理研究所. 2021. |
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