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题名	正念压力管理短训课程对精神科护理人员职业倦怠干预的研究
作者	武雅学
答辩日期	2021-01
文献子类	硕士
授予单位	中国科学院心理研究所
授予地点	中国科学院心理研究所
其他责任者	黄峥
关键词	正念 职业倦怠 护士 精神科 压力
学位名称	理学硕士（同等学力硕士）
其他题名	Study on Intervention of Psychiatric Nursing Burnout by course of Mindfulness-Based Stress Self-help
学位专业	健康心理学
中文摘要	The level of burnout among nurses is generally higher. Previous studies have found that burnout is related to the level of mindfulness. Moreover，the effect of existing mindfulness courses on improving burnout is unstable. Therefore, this study further confirms the causal relationship between mindfulness awareness and job burnout and negative emotions, and on this basis, develops mindfulness short-term training techniques and verifies its effectiveness in improving job burnout. The study is dividing into two sub-studies.In Study I, a cross-sectional survey of 232 psychiatric clinical nurses was conducted using the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS) to investigate mindfulness awareness and occupation. The relationship between burnout and depression-anxiety-stress, and examine the mediating role of job burnout between mindfulness awareness and depression-anxiety-stress. Consequently, the results showed that the MBI score of psychiatric nurses was higher. Besides, MAAS correlated negatively with MBI and DASS (both P＜0.01). Regression analysis found that MAAS negatively predicted MBI and DASS (both P＜0.01). The intermediary analysis found that MBI played a partial intermediary role between MAAS and DASS (both P<0.01).In Study II, mindfulness-based stress self-help (MBSS) has developed. Totally 56 psychiatric clinical nurses had randomly divided into an intervention group (n=27) and a control group (n=29). The intervention group participated in a 2-day MBSS and a 1-month of autonomous training after class. The control group did not intervene during the study period. Two groups of subjects scored using MAAS, MBI, and DASS scales at 3 visit points at baseline, after 2-days MBSS, and after 1-month of autonomous training practice. Investigate the scale score changes before and after the intervention and make a correlation analysis of the difference between the scores before and after the intervention. The results showed that the MAAS scores of the intervention group were higher than the baseline after two days of intensive training and a month of voluntary practice. All of the total MBI scores, each dimension’s scores, and the anxiety dimension scores of DASS were lower than the baseline (all P<0.01). The MAAS scores of the control group were not significantly different at the three visit points (P>0.05), but the MBI and DASS scores increased (both P<0.05). The Correlation analysis has found that the differences between the three dimensions of MAAS and MBI before and after the intervention were negatively correlated (all P<0.01), but none of the correlation was found with changes in the scores before and after the intervention of DASS (P>0.05).In Conclusion, the results as follows: There is a significant negative correlation between mindfulness awareness and job burnout, and it can predict the level of job burnout and the corresponding negative emotions. Burnout plays a part in mediating role between mindfulness awareness and negative emotions. Through a specially developed short training course for mindfulness and stress management, it can effectively improve the mindfulness-awareness of psychiatric nurses, also improve their job burnout and corresponding negative emotions.
英文摘要	护理工作者的职业倦怠水平普遍较高。以往的研究发现职业倦怠与正念水平有相关性，但现有正念课程改善职业倦怠的效果并不稳定。为此，本研究进一步证实正念觉知力与职业倦怠和负性情绪之间的因果关系，并在此基础上开发正念短期培训技术并验证其改善职业倦怠的效果。本研究共分为两个子研究。在研究Ⅰ中，采用正念注意觉知量表（MAAS）、职业倦怠量表（MBI）和抑郁-焦虑-压力问卷（DASS）232名精神科临床护士进行横断面调查，考察正念觉知力、职业倦怠和抑郁-焦虑-压力之间的关系，并检验职业倦怠在正念觉知力和抑郁-焦虑-压力之间的中介作用。结果显示：精神科护士的MBI分值较高。MAAS与MBI、DASS均呈负相关（均P＜0.01）。回归分析发现MAAS负向预测MBI和DASS（均P＜0.01）。中介分析发现MBI在MAAS和DASS之间起部分中介作用（均P＜0.01）。在研究Ⅱ中，开发了正念压力管理短训课程（MBSS）。将56名精神科临床护士随机分为干预组（n=27）和对照组（n=29），干预组参加为期2天的MBSS集训和1个月的课后自主练习。对照组在研究期间内不做干预。在基线、2天集训后、1个月自主练习后3个访视点对两组被试采用MAAS、MBI、DASS量表评分。考察干预前后的量表评分变化，并对前后分值差值做相关分析。结果发现：干预组在2天集训后和1个月自主练习后的MAAS得分均高于基线，MBI总分和各维度分、DASS的焦虑维度分均低于基线（均P＜0.01）。对照组被试MAAS分值在三个访视点无显著差异（P＞0.05），MBI和DASS分值则有所升高（均P＜0.05）。相关分析发现MAAS与MBI三个维度间的干预前后差值均呈负相关（均P＜0.01），但与DASS的干预前后分值变化未发现相关性（P＞0.05）。本研究结论如下：精神科护士的职业倦怠水平较高。正念觉知力与职业倦怠间存在显著负相关，并可预测职业倦怠水平及相应负性情绪。职业倦怠在正念觉知力与负性情绪之间起部分中介作用。通过MBSS的培训，可有效提高精神科护士的正念觉知力，并改善其职业倦怠水平和相应的负性情绪。
语种	中文
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/41618]
专题	心理研究所_健康与遗传心理学研究室
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	武雅学. 正念压力管理短训课程对精神科护理人员职业倦怠干预的研究[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院心理研究所. 2021.

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