| 题名 | 听障青少年公正世界信念对利他行为的链式中介作用 |
| 作者 | 郭芳芳 |
| 答辩日期 | 2021-01 |
| 文献子类 | 硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 黄峥 |
| 关键词 | 听障青少年 公正世界信念 感戴 生活满意度 利他行为 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士（同等学力硕士） |
| 其他题名 | The Chain Mediating Effect of Belief in a Just World on Altruistic Behavior in Hearing-impaired Adolescents |
| 学位专业 | 发展与教育心理学 |
| 中文摘要 | These studies mainly explore the current overall level of altruistic behavior and the influencing factors in hearing-impaired adolescents. The results of these studies will provide scientific theoretical basis for improving the altruistic behavior of hearing-impaired adolescents in the future and will also provide effective scientific guidance for mental health education in special schools. Two studies were set up in this paper, in the first study, a group of hearing-healthy adolescents was set as the control group and then investigate the overall level of altruistic behaviors by comparing the altruistic behavior between hearing-impaired and hearing-healthy adolescents. Meanwhile, a comparative study was conducted on the demographic variables between hearing-impaired and hearing-healthy adolescents. In the second study, a chain mediator model of belief in a just world, gratitude, life satisfaction and altruistic behavior was established for hearing-impaired adolescents, which will further explore the influencing factors of altruistic behavior in hearing-impaired adolescents. In the first study, the participants were 511 middle school students with hearing-impairment in 9 different special schools and 610 middle school students with hearing-healthy adolescents from Beijing, Shanxi, Hebei, Henan, Fujian, Hunan and so on. They were assessed with the Altruistic Behavior Questionnaire. SPSS 23 was used to analyze the data and was used to conduct the optimal scale regression analysis on the demographic variables and altruistic behavior of hearing-impaired and hearing-healthy adolescents. Results: the altruistic behavior of hearing-impaired adolescents was obviously lower than that of hearing-healthy adolescents（t=-13.50，p<0.001）；the altruistic behavior of boys in both healthy and hearing-impaired adolescents was obviously higher than that of girls（t=2.33，p<0.05；t=2.40，p<0.05）.There were no obvious differences in altruistic behavior between junior high school and senior high school for hearing-impaired adolescents（t=-0.85，P>0.05）; the level of altruistic behavior of hearing-healthy junior high school students was obviously higher than that of senior high school students（t=-3.25，p<0.01）; the level of altruistic behavior of healthy hearing high school students was obviously higher than that of hearing-impaired adolescents（t=-10.23，p<0.001）；the altruistic behavior of rural hearing-impaired adolescents was obviously lower than that of rural hearing-impaired adolescents（t=-9.09，P<0.001）; the altruistic behavior of urban hearing-impaired adolescents was obviously lower than that of urban hearing-healthy adolescents（t=-10.47，P<0.001）；the altruistic behavior of hearing-impaired adolescents was obviously lower than that of hearing-healthy adolescents from intact families（t=-11.63，P<0.001）; the altruistic behavior of hearing-impaired adolescents was obviously lower than that of hearing-healthy adolescents from single-parent families（t=-7.69，P<0.001）; the altruistic behavior of hearing-impaired adolescents was obviously lower than that of hearing-healthy adolescents from the one-child family and the altruistic behavior of hearing-impaired adolescents was obviously lower than that of hearing-healthy adolescents from the non-only child family（t=-8.32，P<0.001；t=-10.74，P<0.001）. The total regression effect of the hearing-impaired adolescent model was not significant （R2=0.04，P<0.05）.Gender, hearing loss degree, methods of correction had obvious influence on altruistic behavior of hearing-impaired adolescents (t=0.09，P<0.05；t=0.10，P<0.001；t=0.10，P<0.001), while the only-child family, urban or rural residence, family structure, the disabling reason had no obvious influence on altruistic behavior（t=0.04，P>0.05；t=0.05，P>0.05；t=0.07，P>0.05；t=0.01，P>0.05）. The optimal scale regression results of hearing-healthy adolescents were significant（R2=0.05，P<0.001）；Gender, grade and urban and rural residence had a obvious influence on the altruistic behavior of hearing-healthy adolescents（t=0.09，P<0.05；t=-0.09，P<0.05；t=0.13，P<0.01）; The only-child family and family structure on altruistic behavior were not significant（t=0.02，P>0.05；t=0.07，P>0.05）.In the second study, the participants were 511 middle school students with hearing-impairment in 9 different special schools from Beijing, Shanxi, Hebei, Henan, Fujian, Hunan and so on. They were assessed with the Belief in a Just World Questionaire, Subjective Well Being Scale, Gratitude Questionaire and the Altruistic Behavior Questionnaire. SPSS 23 and AMOS 21 were used to analyze the data.The results：①: Belief in a just world, altruistic, gratitude and subjective well-being were evidently positively correlated with each other; ②:The relationship between belief in a just world and altruistic was respectively mediated by gratitude and subjective well-being; ③: Gratitude and subjective well-being were serial multiple mediators between belief in a just world and altruistic．According to the results, we can draw the following conclusions: Belief in a just world has effects on altruistic behavior, not only through the direct path, but also through the indirect path of mediating chain of gratitude and subjective well-being. |
| 英文摘要 | 本研究主要探讨听障青少年利他行为当下的整体水平，探索听障青少年利他行为的影响因素，研究结果将为提升今后听障青少年的利他行为提供科学的理论依据，也为特殊教育学校的心理健康教育工作提供有效的科学指导。本研究共设置两个研究，研究一主要调查现阶段听障青少年利他行为整体水平，把健听青少年作为对照组，进行听障青少年和健听青少年的比较。研究二进一步探索听障青少年利他行为的影响因素，建立了听障青少年公正世界信念、感戴、生活满意度和利他行为的链式中介模型。 在研究一中，采用中学生《利他行为问卷》，对北京、山西、河北、河南、福建、湖南和海南等省市9所特殊教育学校的511名听障中学生和4所普通中学校的610名健听青少年进行问卷调查。使用SPSS 23进行数据分析。结果显示：①听障青少年的利他行为显著低于健听青少年（t= -13.50，p<0.001）；②健听和听障青少年的男生利他行为都显著高于女生（t=2.33，p<0.05；t=2.40，p<0.05）；听障青少年初中和高中的利他行为没有显著性差异（t=-0.85，p>0.05），健听青少年的初中生的利他行为水平显著高于高中生（t=-3.25，p<0.01）；健听高中生的利他行为水平显著高于听障高中生（t=-10.23，p<0.001）；农村听障生的利他行为显著低于农村健听生的利他行为（t=-9.09，P<0.001）；城镇听障青少年利他行为显著低于城镇健听青少年（t=-10.47，P<0.001）；来自完整家庭的听障青少年利他行为显著低于来自完整家庭健听青少年的利他行为（t=-11.63，P<0.001），来自单亲家庭的听障青少年利他行为显著低于来自单亲家庭健听青少年的利他行为（t=-7.69，P<0.001）；独生子女的听障青少年利他行为显著低于独生子女健听青少年的利他行为，非独生子女的听障青少年利他行为显著低于非独生子女健听青少年的利他行为（t=-8.32，P<0.001；t=-10.74，P<0.001）。通过SPSS 23对听障和健听青少年人口学变量和利他行为进行最优尺度回归分析，结果显示：③听障青少年模型的总回归效应显著（R2=0.04，P<0.05）；性别、听力损失程度、采用何种矫正措施对听障青少年的利他行为影响显著（t=0.09，P<0.05；t=0.10，P<0.001；t=0.10，P<0.001）是否独生子女、家庭居住地、家庭结构和造成听障的原因对利他行为的影响均不显著（t=0.04，p>0.05；t=0.05，P>0.05；t=0.07，P>0.05；t=0.01，P>0.05）。健听青少年的最优尺度回归结果显著（R2=0.05，P<0.001）；性别、年级和城乡居住地对健听青少年的利他行为影响非常显著（t=0.09，P<0.05；t=-0.09，P<0.05；t=0.13，P<0.01），是否独生、家庭结构对利他行为的影响均不显著（t=0.02，p>0.05；t=0.065，P>0.05）。在研究二中，采用《听障中学生公正世界信念调查问卷》、《青少年主观幸福感的生活满意度分量表》、《感戴问卷》，使用SPSS 23.0和Amos软件进行数据分析。结果显示： ①听障青少年公正世界信念、感戴、生活满意度和利他行为这几个变量之间都呈现出两两呈现出显著正相关（P<0.05）。②在听障青少年公正世界信念与利他行为影响模型中，感戴和生活满意度作为中介的效应都显著，有统计学意义。③感戴和生活满意度在公正世界信念与利他行为之间存在链式中介效应。结论：听障青少年的利他行为不但可以直接受其公正世界信念的影响，而且他们的感戴和生活满意度也能一起间接影响其利他行为的实施几率，由此可见，感戴和生活满意度在听障青少年公正世界信念与利他行为间链式中介作用是成立的。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 内容类型 | 学位论文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/41617]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_健康与遗传心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 郭芳芳. 听障青少年公正世界信念对利他行为的链式中介作用[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院心理研究所. 2021. |
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