| 题名 | 父母婚姻满意度与共同养育关系的主客体互倚效应分析 |
| 作者 | 杨晓静 |
| 答辩日期 | 2021-07 |
| 文献子类 | 硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 陈祉妍 |
| 关键词 | 婚姻满意度 共同养育 情绪表达 教养压力 主客体互倚模型 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士（同等学力硕士） |
| 其他题名 | Actor-Partner Interdependence Analyses of The Relationship Between Marital Satisfaction and Coparenting |
| 学位专业 | 健康心理学 |
| 中文摘要 | Based on Family System Theory, marital system and parental system, as two independent subsystems within the family, interact and influence with each other. As the core of the whole family system, marital system affects the functions of other subsystems. As to the interaction mechanism between family subsystems, two hypotheses existed: the spillover hypothesis argues that emotions, affection or behaviors generated within one system could transfer to other subsystems via intra-personal way; while the crossover hypothesis posits that emotions, affection or behaviors transfer from one system to another via inter-personal way. Previous studies on marital quality and coparenting relationship mostly considered the relationship by taking individual instead of dyadic data as analysis unit, and paid more attention to the spillover effect of their interaction rather than the crossover effect. On the basis of the existing literature, by focusing on the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM), this study examines the effects of marital satisfaction on parental coparenting, and further to explore the possible mediating and moderating factors between the two.A total of 936(468 pairs) fathers and mothers of children aged 4-12 were recruited in this study. Participants completed ENRICH marital satisfaction scale, Coparenting scale, Self-Expressiveness in the Family Questionnaire and Parenting Stress Index-Short Form anonymously through online platform, and 842 questionnaires (421 pairs) were valid. SPSS22.0, t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to compare the differences between parents' marital satisfaction and co-parenting in different characteristic groups. Based on Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM), this study explored the possible moderating role of spousal age gap and mediating role of family expressiveness and parenting stress in the relationship between marital satisfaction and coparenting. The brief results of this study are as follows:(1) For marital satisfaction, mothers with only children, unhealthy children, and perceived poor economic status had significantly lower marital satisfaction. Fathers with perceived poor economic status had significantly lower marital satisfaction (2) For coparenting, the scores of paternal positive coparenting, negative coparenting and the dysfunctional interaction domain of parenting stress were significantly higher than those of mothers. The scores of positive coparenting were significantly lower in fathers with the only child, the children of 4-6 years old, the children unhealthy, spouse with higher educational level, and perceived poor family economic status. The scores of positive coparenting were significantly lower in mothers with higher education level. The scores of negative coparenting were significantly higher in fathers with higher educational level or poor family economic status. (3) Structural equation model indicated that both actor and partner effects existed between the relationships of fathers’ and mothers’ marital satisfaction and their own positive coparenting. Both actor and partner effects existed in the relationships between fathers’ marital satisfaction and fathers’ as well as mothers’ negative coparenting. A partner effect existed in the relationship between mothers’ marital satisfaction and paternal negative coparenting. (4) Spousal age gap plays moderating roles in the relationships between parents' marital satisfaction and negative coparenting. (5) Partner effects were observed in the mediating role of fathers’ and mothers’ positive expressiveness as well as mothers’ negative expressiveness in the relationships between marital satisfaction and positive coparenting. (6) Actor and partner effects were observed in the mediating role of fathers’ negative expressiveness in the relationships of fathers’ and mothers’ marital satisfaction and negative coparenting. Partner effects were observed in the mediating role of mothers’ negative expressiveness as well as fathers’ and mothers’ parenting stress in the relationship between marital satisfaction and positive coparenting.Conclusions: There were no significant differences in the actor effects of marital satisfaction on coparenting behaviors between mothers’ and fathers’, while partner effects differences existed between them. Spousal age gap plays moderating roles in the relationships between paternal marital satisfaction and paternal as well as maternal negativize coparenting. Family expressiveness and parental stress play mediating roles respectively in the relationship between marital satisfaction and coparenting. |
| 英文摘要 | 基于家庭系统理论，作为家庭内部相互独立的夫妻子系统和父母子系统，两者之间相互作用，相互影响。婚姻系统作为整个家庭系统的核心，影响着其他子系统的功能。以往关于婚姻关系和共同养育关系的研究，多从父亲或母亲单方面考虑变量之间的关系，关注其相互作用的溢出效应，对交叉效应的研究相对匮乏。本研究在前人研究的基础上，借助主客体互倚关系模型(Actor-Partner Interdependence Model, APIM)分析父母婚姻满意度对父母共同养育的影响，并进一步探索两者之间可能的中介和调节因素。本研究以936名（468对）4~12岁儿童的父亲和母亲为研究对象，采用婚姻满意度量表、共同养育量表、家庭情绪表达问卷、教养压力量表，通过网络平台匿名答题方式，共回收有效问卷842份（421对）。运用SPSS22.0 t检验、单因素方差分析，比较不同特征群体中父母婚姻满意度与共同养育的差异。采用主客体互倚模型（APIM），多方探讨父母婚姻满意度对父母共同养育的影响机制，考察父母积极和消极情绪表达、父母教养压力在其中可能的中介作用，以及父母年龄差可能的调节作用。本研究主要结果如下：（1）婚姻满意度上，独生子女、孩子不健康，主观经济状况差的母亲，其婚姻满意度显著偏低；主观经济状况差的父亲婚姻满意度显著偏低。（2）共同养育上，父亲的积极共同养育、消极共同养育、教养压力中互动不良维度得分显著高于母亲得分。儿童4~6岁、独生子女、孩子不健康、母亲文化程度高、家庭主观经济状况差，父亲的积极共同养育得分显著偏低；文化程度高、的母亲自身积极共同养育得分显著偏低；父亲的文化程度高、家庭主观经济状况差，父亲的消极共同养育得分显著偏高。（3）结构方程模型显示，父亲和母亲婚姻满意度对积极共同养育的预测作用既有主体效应又有客体效应；父亲婚姻满意度对消极共同养育的主体、客体效应均显著，母亲婚姻满意度对消极共同养育的客体效应显著。（4）父母年龄差（父亲年龄-母亲年龄）在父母婚姻满意度与消极共同养育关系中起调节作用。（5）在婚姻满意度与积极共同养育关系中，父亲和母亲积极情绪表达中介作用的客体效应均显著。母亲消极情绪表达中介作用的客体效应显著。父母教养压力的中介作用不显著。（6）在婚姻满意度与消极共同养育的关系中，父亲消极情绪表达中介作用的主体效应和客体效应均显著；母亲消极情绪表达中介作用的客体效应显著。父亲教养压力和母亲教养压力中介作用的客体效应均显著。研究结论：父母婚姻满意度对共同养育的作用既有溢出效应，又有交叉效应。溢出效应无性别差异，交叉效应有性别差异。父母年龄差在父亲婚姻满意度和父母消极共同养育关系中起调节作用。父母婚姻满意度可通过父母情绪表达影响父母的共同养育，情绪表达中介作用的主体效应和客体效应均显著。父母婚姻满意度还可以通过父母的教养压力影响父母的共同养育，教养压力中介作用的客体效应显著。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 内容类型 | 学位论文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/41586]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_健康与遗传心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 杨晓静. 父母婚姻满意度与共同养育关系的主客体互倚效应分析[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院心理研究所. 2021. |
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