| 题名 | 移动端工作记忆训练影响个体情绪和认知功能的效果及机制研究 |
| 作者 | 王晓博 |
| 答辩日期 | 2020-07 |
| 文献子类 | 硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 李雪冰 |
| 关键词 | 工作记忆训练 正念训练 情绪 认知 移动端 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士 |
| 其他题名 | The Effects and Mechanisms of Mobile-based Working Memory Training on Individual Emotion and Cognitive Function |
| 学位专业 | 健康心理学 |
| 中文摘要 | Psychological training based on mobile has become a new direction with great promotion value, with the development of the times and the relative maturity of the technology, and the urgent attention to health. This study discussed the effects of working memory training on the emotional state and cognition of healthy individuals, and explored the effects and neural mechanisms of working memory training on the emotion regulation of high-trait anxiety people. The purpose of Study 1 is to explore the effects of mobile-based memory training in improving the emotional and cognitive abilities of healthy individuals, with two control groups, which were the positive control group for mindfulness training, and the negative waiting control group for watching tweets. 103 effective participants were randomly assigned to working memory training group, mindfulness training group as positive control group, and negative waiting control group. The working memory training group used the mobile APP, the mindfulness training group used the mobile phone to watch natural VR videos, and the negative waiting control group used the mobile phone or pad to read tweets. The trainings were mobile-side psychological trainings with a total of 12 times in 4 weeks. The research used the experimental design of pre- and post-test. Emotion indicators included blood pressure, heart rate, and Brief Profile of Mood States (BPOMS). Cognitive indicators included active working memory tasks, number conversion tasks, Stroop tasks, and spatial working memory span. Research results: (1) Working memory training had a significant improvement effect on the refreshing component of executive function; (2) The mindfulness training group showed a more positive trend for emotional state intervention, but it was not significant; (3) Although most participants said that they like the mindfulness training of watch natural VR videos, but the mindfulness training in compliance was significantly lower than the working memory training group.The purpose of Study 2 was to explore the effects of working memory training on emotional regulation of high-anxiety people, the relationship between working memory training and different emotion regulation methods, and the neural mechanism of working memory training to improve emotional regulation. Individuals with high trait anxiety were selected through the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), with 36 effective participants. The participants were randomly assigned to working memory training group and control group. Participants in the experimental group completed at least 21 days of APP-based working memory training within 30 days. During the pre-test and post-test phases of the experiment, the subjects completed the task of emotion regulation and collected EEG data. The ERP emotion regulation task included three conditions: simply viewing negative emotion pictures, performing cognitive reassessment when viewing negative emotion pictures, and distracting attention when viewing negative emotion pictures. The results of the study showed that: (1) Working memory training did not make the high anxiety individuals feeling a significant improvement of their emotion in subjective experience; (2)Compared with the control group, working memory training made high anxiety individuals’ cognitive reassessment’s LPP（Late positive potentials）decreased significantly, specifically improving the effectiveness of cognitive reassessment of high anxiety individuals; (3) At the level of subjective experience, high anxiety individuals maight feel that distraction of attention was better than cognitive reassessment than watching only negative pictures.The findings of this research on the effect and mechanism of mobile working memory training on individual emotion and cognitive function, is beneficial to increase the accumulation of evidence based on the working memory training effect of mobile terminal, and provide a reference for the promotion of daily self-help psychological training. |
| 英文摘要 | 时代的发展、技术的相对成熟，对于健康的迫切关注，使得基于移动端的心理训练成为了一种具有较大推广价值的新方向。本研究在探讨工作记忆训练对健康个体情绪状态和认知影响的基础上，进一步考察了工作记忆训练对高特质焦虑个体的情绪调节的影响效果及其神经机制。研究一的目的在于探索基于移动端的工作记忆训练对健康个体情绪状况及认知能力方面的影响效果，设置两个对照组，分别为是正念训练的积极对照组，及观看推文的消极等待对照组。有效被试103人，随机分配到工作记忆训练组、正念训练积极对照组和消极等待对照组。工作记忆训练组采用移动端的APP进行，正念训练积极对照组结合观看手机的自然VR视频进行，消极等待组观看微信公众号推文。训练基于移动端展开，时长为4周共12次。研究采用前后测的实验设计，情绪指标采集了简明情绪状态量表（Brief Profile Of Mood States , BPOMS）以及心率和血压。认知指标包括活动工作记忆任务、数字转换任务、Stroop任务及空间工作记忆广度。结果显示：（1）工作记忆训练对健康个体执行功能的刷新成分有显著改善的效果；（2）作为积极对照组的正念训练对情绪状态的改善呈现出积极的趋势，但并不显著；（3）虽然被试普遍喜欢观看自然VR视频的正念训练，但在依从性上却显著低于工作记忆训练组。研究二的目的在于探索基于移动端的工作记忆训练对高特质焦虑个体情绪调节的影响，工作记忆训练与情绪的不同调节方式之间的关系，以及工作记忆训练改善情绪调节的神经机制。通过特质焦虑量表筛选出高特质焦虑的个体，有效被试36人。被试被随机分配到工作记忆训练组和对照组，实验组被试在30天内至少完成21天的基于APP的工作记忆训练。前后测阶段被试完成了情绪调节任务并进行脑电数据采集，情绪调节任务包括单纯观看负性情绪图片、观看负性情绪图片时进行认知重评、观看负性情绪图片时进行注意分散三个条件。结果显示：（1）工作记忆训练并没有使高焦虑个体在主观体验上，感觉到焦虑状况发生了明显的改善；（2）相对于对照组，工作记忆训练使高焦虑个体认知重评的LPP（Late positive potentials，LPP）下降显著，特异性的改善了高焦虑个体认知重评的效能；（3）高焦虑个体在主观体验层面，可能会感觉到注意分散优于认知重评优于观看负性图片。移动端的工作记忆训练对个体情绪与认知功能的影响效果及机制的研究发现，有利于增加基于移动端的工作记忆训练功效的证据积累，为推广日常化的自助型心理训练提供参考。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 内容类型 | 学位论文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/41550]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_健康与遗传心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 王晓博. 移动端工作记忆训练影响个体情绪和认知功能的效果及机制研究[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院心理研究所. 2020. |
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