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题名	离子液体中电化学沉积铝的研究
作者	岳贵宽
学位类别	硕士
答辩日期	2008-05-26
授予单位	中国科学院过程工程研究所
授予地点	过程工程研究所
导师	张锁江
关键词	离子液体 电化学沉积 铝 不锈钢 低碳钢 晶面择优取向
其他题名	Foundamental Research on Electrodeposition of Aluminium from Ionic Liquids
学位专业	应用化学
中文摘要	铝的电化学沉积研究传统上主要使用易燃易挥发的有机溶剂和强腐蚀性的高温熔盐体系，离子液体的出现为铝的电化学沉积开辟了新的研究领域。本论文研究了离子液体在电化学沉积铝方面的应用，详细考察了电流密度、镀液温度、镀液配比、电镀时间、搅拌转速等条件对铝镀层质量的影响，讨论了温度和电流密度对镀层相结构、晶面择优取向的影响，并对电化学沉积机理进行了初步分析。 论文的主要研究内容以及创新性成果如下： 1. 合成了[bmim]Cl，[bmim]Br，[bmim]BF4，[bmim]PF6，[emim]EtSO4和[bmim]HSO4六种离子液体，测定了无水AlCl3在其中的表观溶解度以及AlCl3/离子液体体系的电导率随AlCl3/离子液体表观摩尔比的变化情况。无水AlCl3可以溶解在前五种离子液体中，但在[bmim]HSO4中几乎不溶解。AlCl3/离子液体体系的电导率与表观摩尔比密切相关。从电导率的大小和离子液体稳定性考虑，最终选用AlCl3/[bmim]Cl体系作为电解液。 2. 在AlCl3/[bmim]Cl电解液中对不锈钢表面电化学沉积铝进行了研究。实验结果表明：AlCl3/[bmim]Cl体系中在常温或近常温条件下即可以在不锈钢钢片和钢丝上得到致密、均一、结合力较好的银白色铝镀层。AlCl3/[bmim]Cl体系的电导率随温度的变化符合Arrhenius方程。所有镀层大都呈现出(200)晶面择优取向，温度是决定镀层晶面择优取向的主要因素，电流密度对镀层的晶面择优取向影响不是很显著。计时电流法分析表明Al的电结晶过程遵循扩散控制、三维生长方式进行，并经历了由最初的连续成核转变为瞬时成核的转变。 3. 采用恒电流法对低碳钢表面电化学沉积铝进行了研究。实验结果表明电流密度和温度变化对镀层的形貌和晶面择优取向性均有一定的影响，尤其在高的电流密度和温度下。所有的样品都呈现出(200)晶面择优取向；与(200)晶面择优取向相比，(222)晶面择优取向对大多数样品来说相对较弱，且随着温度和电流密度的增加趋于消失。
英文摘要	Room temperature ionic liquids using in electrodeposition of aluminium provide new opportunities to replace the volatile and flammable organic solvent systems and the highly corrosive inorganic molten salts at high temperatures. In the study, electrodepositon of aluminium from ionic liquids was investigated. Effects of current density, temperature, molar ratio of AlCl3 to [bmim]Cl, stirring speed and deposition time on the quality of deposited coatings were investigated as well as the effects of current density and temperature on the crystal structure and orientation of Al coatings. The electrocrystallization mechanism was analyzed, additionally. The major work and innovative results for this dissertation are as followes: 1. Six kinds of ionic liquids, [bmim]Cl, [bmim]Br, [bmim]BF4, [bmim]PF6, [emim]EtSO4 and [bmim]HSO4 have been synthesized. Aparent solubilities of anhydrous AlCl3 in synthesized ILs were determined and the electrical conductivities were investigated as a function of the apparent molar ratio of AlCl3/ILs. Among the six kinds of ILs, anhydrous AlCl3 could be dissolved in the first five kinds but was hardly dissolved in [bmim]HSO4. Conductivities of the AlCl3/ILs systems depended apparently on the apparent molar ratio of AlCl3 to ILs. Considering the conductivities analyses and the stability of ILs, AlCl3/[bmim]Cl system was chosen as the electrolyte for the electrodeposition of Al. 2. Electrodeposition of aluminium on stainless steel was investigated using AlCl3/[bmim]Cl ionic liquid as a electrolyte. Dense, bright and adherent aluminium coatings were obtained on stainless steel plates and wires at or near room temperatures. Temperature-dependent behavior of the conductivity of AlCl3/[bmim]Cl system can be correlated by the Arrhenius equation. Results from the analysis of crystal structure show that all of the electrodeposits exhibit a preferred (200) crystallographic orientation. Temperature exhibits significant influence on the crystallographic orientation and there does not appear to be an apparent impact of current density. Analyses of the chronoamperograms indicate that the deposition process of aluminium on stainless steel was controlled by three-dimension nucleation with diffusion-controlled growth and there is a conversion from progressive nucleation to instantaneous nucleation. 3. Galvano-static electrodeposition was used to electrodeposit aluminium on mild steel. Results show variations on current density and temperature certainly caused changes in the morphology and crystal orientations of the electrodeposits, especially at higher current density and temperature. It was indicated that all of the electrodeposits exhibited a strong preferred (200) crystallographic orientation. Compared with the (200) reflection, the preferred (222) orientation was relatively weak for most of the samples. However, this phenomenon disappears under higher temperature and current density.
语种	中文
公开日期	2013-09-13
页码	109
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.ipe.ac.cn/handle/122111/1237]
专题	过程工程研究所_研究所（批量导入）
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	岳贵宽. 离子液体中电化学沉积铝的研究[D]. 过程工程研究所. 中国科学院过程工程研究所. 2008.

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