At present, the frequency of human space activities continues to increase, resulting in more and more space debris, which poses a great threat to the working satellite. The collision of debris and satellites may cause abnormal operation of the satellite or even complete damage. Based on the 3u cubic satellite platform, this paper has designed a miniaturized visible light detection system with a full field of view of 12° (9°×7°). the wavelength band of the system is 450 ~ 800nm, the pixel size of the detector is 5μm, the entrance pupil diameter is 60mm, the system focal length is 150mm, the detection system is composed of 8 lenses. Using optical design software to evaluate the image quality of the optical system, the results show that the diffusion spots in each field of view are approximately circular, the maximum RMS radius is less than 7.4 μm, and the energy distribution in each field of view is more than 80% within 3 × 3 pixels, field curvature, distortion all meet the requirements of the detection system. Finally, the tolerance analysis results show that the design has good imaging quality and meets the system performance requirements and machining requirements. The visible light detection system has a large field of view, light weight, low processing cost and high energy concentration. and can meet the demand for space debris detection in Earth orbit. © 2020 SPIE. All rights reserved.