A particular emphasis is placed on the thermal aged oxide/oxide ceramic matrix composites under cyclic thermal shocks, which exhibit hierarchical internal structures spanning multiple volume/scales. The present work focuses on establishing thereto-mechanical loading conditions-structure-property linkages for the thermal aged oxide/oxide ceramic matrix composites under cyclic thermal shocks. Firstly, the matrix micro-cracks and delamination were identified by SEM observation, and the compressive mechanical behaviors were studied after different cyclic thermal shock numbers. The thermal aging process resulted in apparent changes in thermal shock resistance of materials. Considering the material deterioration induced by the thermal aging process, aging-related factor was introduced to predict the compress behaviors of the thermal aged oxide/oxide ceramic matrix composites under cyclic thermal shocks. The correlation between porosity and strain energy release rate was also constructed, which provided an excellent agreement with the experiments.