菊糖在自然界中分布很广，是一种天然可再生的生物资源。作为许多植物的储能物质，菊糖具有储量丰富、生物相容好、可生物降解等特性。同时菊糖还具有肠道益生素、预防肥胖、降血酯等多种生理活性。但是有关高生物活性菊糖的研究很少，菊糖仍然直接作为添加剂使用，附加值低。化学修饰是提高化合物生物活性、促进化合物高值应用的一种有效手段。作为多羟基化合物，菊糖进一步化学修饰的壁垒之一即是其官能团（多羟基）的单一性。自然界天然氨基多糖的广泛应用表明氨基是糖分子进一步结构修饰的理想位点，同时天然氨基多糖还具有多种生物活性，受此启发，为了提高菊糖的反应性，增强菊糖的生物活性，本文设计、合成了C-6-O-（乙基氨基）菊糖、C-6-N-（乙基氨基）菊糖、C-6-氨基脱氧菊糖、两亲性C-6-氨基脱氧菊糖和两亲性C-6-(4-(甲基氨基)-1,2,3-三氮唑）脱氧菊糖等一系列氨基化菊糖衍生物。

C-6-O-（乙基氨基）菊糖和C-6-N-（乙基氨基）菊糖分别借助C-O和C-N键将乙基氨基官能团引入菊糖分子。C-6-O-（乙基氨基）菊糖和C-6-N-（乙基氨基）菊糖合成步骤少，且C-O和C-N键耐受性较好，在菊糖需要借助氨基进一步接技修饰时，可以作为一种高反应性前体应用。两亲性C-6-(4-(甲基氨基)-1,2,3-三氮唑）脱氧菊糖分子中同时含有氨基与1,2,3-三氮唑官能团。1,2,3-三氮唑官能团耐受性好，且具有抑菌、抗炎等多种生物活性，在农药、医药等领域被广泛研究，常常作为引入其他分子的药效基团。在以菊糖为底物进一步修饰成高生物活性化合物时，选取两亲性C-6-(4-(甲基氨基)-1,2,3-三氮唑）脱氧菊糖作为一种高反应性前体化合物，其中的1,2,3-三氮唑官能团有望提供增效作用。

C-6-氨基脱氧菊糖和两亲性C-6-氨基脱氧菊糖两种氨基菊糖衍生物的合成是通过激活菊糖C-6位的羟基，使之成为易离去基团, 叠氮基亲核置换易离去基团，将引入菊糖分子的叠氮基还原成氨基实现的。研究表明，通过溴取代菊糖C-6位的羟基，制备可被叠氮基亲核置换的底物是合成两种氨基化菊糖衍生物的一种较优方法。两亲性C-6-氨基脱氧菊糖制备过程中由于疏水基团的引入，使得关键中间体可以通过水洗提纯，奠定了两亲性C-6-氨基脱氧菊糖可以一次性被大量制备的基础。C-6-氨基脱氧菊糖和两亲性C-6-氨基脱氧菊糖在经典的氨基糖结构修饰、构效关系研究时可以作为一种高反应性前体化合物被应用。

抑菌活性是含氨基糖化合物的一种重要生物活性，在本文中比较了菊糖和所合成含氨基菊糖衍生物：C-6-O-（乙基氨基）菊糖、C-6-N-（乙基氨基）菊糖、C-6-氨基脱氧菊糖、两亲性C-6-氨基脱氧菊糖和两亲性C-6-（4-（甲基氨基）-1,2,3-三氮唑）脱氧菊糖等化合物对革兰氏阴性菌大肠杆菌和革兰氏阳性菌金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌活性。结果表明菊糖对两种菌的生长无明显抑制活性，氨基的引入赋予菊糖衍生物一定的抑菌活性，在浓度为0.5 mg/mL和1 mg/mL时，含氨基菊糖衍生物对两种致病菌都有明显抑制活性，并且其抑菌活性随着样品浓度的升高而增强。本文所得氨基化菊糖衍生物合成方便，生物活性相比菊糖有显著提高，可作为菊糖进一步化学修饰的高反应性前体化合物。

Inulin, a kind of renewable natural biological resource, is widely distributed in nature. As preserved polysaccharides of many plants, inulin is abundant, biocompatible and biodegradable. Moreover, this polysaccharide has exhibited many interesting biological activities, such as intestinal probiotics effects, prevention of obesity and lipid-lowering properties. Despite its advantages, inulin is not sufficiently employed, especially when compared to the extensively used polysaccharides like chitosan and heparin and so on.

Chemical modifications are powerful techniques for improving the biological activities and employments of natural resources. As a polyhydroxy compound, its tedious (polyol) functionality has inevitably limited the studies on chemical modifications and utilizations of inulin. The wide applications of natural amino polysaccharide inspired us that amino groups are ideal positions of chemical modifications of polysaccharide. So, the objectives of this study are to modify inulin at its primary hydroxyls to synthesize amino-containing inulin derivatives. In this study we synthesized a series of amino-containing inulin derivatives, which are C-6-O-(aminoethyl)inulin, C-6-N-(aminoethyl)inulin, 6-amino-6-deoxyinulin, amphiphilic 6-amino-6-deoxyinulin and amphiphilic C-6-(4-(aminomethyl) -1,2,3-triazol)-6-deoxyinulin.

C-6-O-(aminoethyl) inulin and C-6-N-(aminoethyl)inulin introduced ethyl-amino functional groups in inulin via C-O and C-N bonds, during which the reaction is facilitated and efficient. C-6-O-(aminoethyl) inulin and C-6-N-(aminoethyl)inulin could be selected as precursors of inulin to go through a series of reaction of chemical modifications of inulin as they have amino groups which are ideal positions of chemical modifications of polysaccharides as well as C-O and C-N are stronger enough to endure general acid and base in a chemical reaction. Amphiphilic C-6-(4-(aminomethyl)-1,2,3-triazol)-6-deoxyinulin has amino and 1,2,3-triazol functional groups in the inulin molecule. 1,2,3-Triazol functional groups are tolerable and has a variety of biological activity such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and so on. As pharmacodynamic groups, 1,2,3-triazol has been extensively studied in the field of pesticides and pharmaceuticals and so on. When aimed to develop high biologically activitive inulin derivatives, amphiphilic C-6-(4-(aminomethyl)- 1,2,3-triazol)-6-deoxyinulin is an ideal reactive precursor compound since 1,2,3 - triazole functional groups are expected to provide synergies.

To prepare 6-amino-6-deoxyinulin and amphiphilic 6-amino-6-deoxyinulin 6-azido-6-deoxyinulin, (hydrophobic) 6-azido-6-deoxyinulin was excellent intermediates of the projects as azide could conveniently transform to amino groups by way of reduction. Meanwhile, 6-azido-6-deoxyinulin and amphiphilic6-azido- 6-deoxyinulin could obtain through SN reaction by azide ion displacing appropriate leaving groups. Studies indicated that substituted by bromine at C-6 position is a good way to activate primary hydroxyl groups of inulin to synthesize key intermediate which could be substituted by azide. Because of hydrophobic groups the key intermediate of synthesizing amphiphilic 6-amino-6-deoxyinulin could be washed by water and this build the rock on we could synthesize amphiphilic 6-amino- 6-deoxyinulin in a lager scale. When we want to study classic modifications or explain structure-activity relationship of aminated inulin, 6-amino-6-deoxyinulin and amphiphilic 6-amino-6-deoxyinulin.are recommended as high-reactive precursor compounds.

The antibacterial activity is an important bioactive property of amino saccharide, so we comparatively studied the antibacterial activity of inulin, C-6-O-(aminoethyl) inulin, C-6-N-(aminoethyl)inulin, 6-amino-6-deoxyinulin, amphiphilic 6-amino- 6-deoxyinulin and amphiphilic C-6-(4-(aminomethyl)-1,2,3-triazol)- 6-deoxyinulin against gram-negative bacteria E. coli and gram-positive bacteria S. aureus. The results demonstrated that although inulin can not inhibit the growth of the test strains, due to the introducing of amino groups, all the synthesized amino-containing inulin derivatives have obvious inhibitory effects on the growth of E. coli and S. aureus at concentrations of 0.5 mg/mL and 1 mg/mL. Meanwhile, all the inhibitory index of samples has positive correlation with the concentrations. Because the synthesized amino-containing inulin derivatives are convient to prepare and exhibit improved potential activities, these materials may represent an attractive new platform for chemical modifications of inulin.