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题名	高寒草地环境梯度上生物量与物种多样性的研究
作者	王鑫
学位类别	硕士
答辩日期	2008
授予单位	中国科学院．新疆生态与地理研究所
导师	热合木都拉﹒阿迪拉，中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所
关键词	高寒草地
其他题名	Study on Species Biomass and Diversity Along the Environment Gradient in Alpine Grassland
中文摘要	海拔梯度研究一直是山地研究中的热点，本研究在我国第二大高寒草原-巴音布鲁克草原开展，采用样带和梯度研究方法，以中国科学院巴音布鲁克草原生态研究站（海拔2460m）为基点，从东向西按海拔每升高100m设置九个样地。对样地内环境因子进行测定，并对样地内的土壤和草地植被进行取样带回分析，利用相关分析和主成分分析对环境因子和草地地上生物量进行分析。调查研究了15种环境因子沿海拔梯度的分布特征，及其与草地初级生产力和物种多样性之间的关系。结果表明： 1)随着海拔梯度的升高，15种环境因子表现出程度不同的相关性，其中气温、相对湿度、土壤含水量、PH值、电导率和全K与海拔梯度呈现出显著相关性，各环境因子之间也表现出相关性。 2)生物量（地上、地下）与海拔呈现显著相关性，并且与气温、相对湿度、土壤含水量、PH值、电导率、速N、全P有显著相关关系；植被类型沿海拔上升由禾本科向莎草科转变且生物量增大；地下生物量的垂直分异特征表现为T字型逐层递减；相对湿度和土壤速N含量是影响生物量的主导因子。 3)物种多样性与各环境因子有不同程度的相关性，与生物量也存在线性相关关系；气温是影响物种多样性的主要环境因子。 4)优势物种的生态位宽度较大，且和其他种的相似性比例较高，说明优势物种对资源的利用程度较高；其他物种生态位有分化，导致较高的生物量和物种多样性。 5) PCA分析表明，对植物群落生物量和物种多样性影响最大的是土壤水分因子，其次是土壤养分含量，最后是土壤中金属离子的含量。本研究对巴音布鲁克草原不同海拔梯度环境因子、不同草地类型下物种多样性及草地初级生产力的梯度分布规律进行了研究，分析了不同海拔环境因子及其对初级生产力和物种多样性的影响，旨在为合理利用草地资源及更有效的提高草地的初级生产力提供基础资料，为高寒草地的建设和发展提供理论依据。The research along altitude elevation is always the hot spot in mountainous region. We carried out this study on the second major alpine grassland—Bayinbulak, used belt transect and gradient research methods, took the Bayanbulak grassland ecological research station of Chinese Academy of Science (elevation 2460m) as the basic point, established nine sample plots along the altitude elevation every 100 meters from east to west. The environmental factors were determined in the plots, and sampled the soil and plant, analysised them in laboratory. And analysised environmental factors and biomass of the grassland by use of Correlation and PCA analysis. The investgation was carried on the distribution characteristics of 15 environmental factors along the gradient and the relationship between them and primary productivity and diversity of the grassland. The results showed that: 1) With the altitude elevation increased, the relationship between the 15 environmental factors shows different degrees. The air temperature, relative humidity,soil moisture content,PH value, condutivity,available N and total P have significant correlation with altitude, and every factor has different degrees correlation with each other. 2)The plant biomass(conclude aboveground and belowground) has a significant correlation with altitude, the vegetation type was changed from grass to sedge and the plant biomass increaed along the altitude. The vertical characteristic of belowground biomass was presented as a letter T declined layer by layer. The leading factors influenced the biomass were relative humidity and available N. 3)There have different degrees correlation with species diversity and environmental factors. The species diversity has a linear correlation with the biomass. The main factor influenced diversity was the air temperature. 4) Dominant species have wider niche breadth, and they have more similarity with other species. It illuminated that the dominant species have a high degree in resources utilization. The niche of other species were differentiation, which result in high productivity and high diversity. 5) PCA analysis indicated that there were three primary impact factors affecting the plant biomass and species diversity, the first was soil moisture content factors, the second was soil nutrient content, the last but not least was soil metal ion content. We studied the distribution characteristics of 15 environmental factors, primary productivity and sepecies diversity along the altitude and under the different types. Analysised the influence of environmental factors to biomass and diversity. The aim of all is to provide basic information for use grassland resources more rationally and increse the primary productivity more effective, and provide theoretical basis for construction and development of the alpine grassland.
语种	中文
学科主题	草业科学
公开日期	2010-11-12
页码	共54页
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.xjlas.org/handle/365004/7992]
专题	新疆生态与地理研究所_中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所(2010年以前数据)
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	王鑫. 高寒草地环境梯度上生物量与物种多样性的研究[D]. 中国科学院．新疆生态与地理研究所. 2008.

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