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题名	基于3S技术的洪水淹没及生态响应分析
作者	钱静
学位类别	硕士
答辩日期	2004
授予单位	中国科学院．中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所．自然地理．
导师	陈曦，中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所
关键词	生态放水
其他题名	Based on 3S Technology to Analysis the Flood submerging and ecology responded
中文摘要	塔里木河是全国最长的内陆河，其下游生态环境恶化引起了国内外的关注，为改善和恢复塔河干流生态环境，国家实施了塔里木河流域近期综合治理项目，其中针对上、中游洪水期河水泛滥漫溢严重的状况，在上，中游修建生态放水闸，有效控制洪水漫溢及改善无效水量的损耗局面。本文就是针对生态闸的修建，基于DE入理研究洪水期生态放水及洪水淹没过程，分析生态放水后淹没区及地下水影响区（主要是对胡杨林的保护）内地表水、地下水以及植被之间的关系及生态响应分析的思路，进而优化生态放水的过程，更有效的利用水资源。本文先利用人工神经网络模型（N）对塔河来水进行预报，并基于DEM对生态放水的洪水淹没进行分析，得出放水时间、淹没范围及水量之间的关系，分析淹没区范围内地表覆被状况，并提出放水过程中地表水与地下水转换于蹲的基本思路，指出放水后地表水、地下水及植被响应的分析过程。依照研究思路与技术路线，全文的章节安排如下：第一章开篇介绍了本文的研究背景，分析了河道洪水预报的研究进展与现状，洪水淹没分析现行方法及发展；对研究区概况及生态闸拟建状况做了简要的介绍，论述了总体技术方案，并给出了本文的研究思路。第二章对基础数据获取与处理做了详尽的分析，基础数据的处理与使用是分析结果至关重要的一环。着重介绍矢量与栅格数据的坐标转换，投影变换，矢量数据的处理，DEM数据质量与精度的说明。第三章讨论洪水模拟预报原理及方法，本文建立了河道洪水预报的ANN模第四章利用DEM数据对生态闸放水的淹没范围及水量进行了分析，论述了两种淹没方法：基于GIS体积法洪水淹没法和基于水动力学的种子蔓延法，并使用GIS体积法对沙德克乔了闸的洪水源没过程进行模拟，拟合了放水时间与淹没面第五章提出了生态放水的生态因子响应过程的分析的思路和方法，使用GIS的分析功能对研究区内淹没范围的植被状况进行了分析，建立了生态放水过程中地表水与地下转换关系、地下水位动态变化对植被的影响研究体系。第六章是总结全文，并对今后洪水淹没模型的发展与生态响应分析模型进行了展望。The river of Tarim is the longest continental river of the whole country, its ecological deterioration of the environment of down stream has caused the domestic and international concern. In order to improve and resume the river ecological environment of main stream, the country has implemented the project 'Tarim Basin comprehensive administration of the near future'. Some ecological floodgate will be building to control the flood and overflow and improve the loss situation of the invalid water yield effectively. This text just directs against the construction of the ecological floodgate and base on DEM and analyse the flood submerging area and the time of the flood submerging. Furthermore analyse the groundwater influencing area after the ecology irrigating water (whether to protection populus euphraticas forests mainly), surfacewater, groundwater , relation and ecology of vegetation respond analysed and then optimize the course for the ecology irrigation water. According to studying the thinking and technological route, the chapter of the full text is arranged as follows: Chapter one the introductory song has introduce the research background of this text. Analyse research progress and current situation which the flood predicts of river and the flood submerging analysis current method and development. Chapter two obtained and dealt with and made exhaustive analysis to the basic data, the treatment and using the basic data are an essential ring of analysis result. Recommend emphatically the coordinates changed. The projection is varied for the vector and raster and the treatment of the vector data and DEM data quality and explanation of the precision. Chapter three discuss flood simulation predicts the principle and method. This text has set up ANN model which the flood predicts of Tarim river and carry on the prediction of the flow of upper and lower sections and water level. Chapter four what utilized DEM data to the ecological floodgate of flood submerging range and water yield, described two kinds of methods of flooding: The Volume Method of flood submerging simulation based on GIS or Spreading Seed based on water dynamics. Use the Volume Method to simulate, the time of submerging process and the submerging area and analysze the relation of each other of the ecological floodgate of the ecology irrigation water. Chapter five put forward the thinking and method of analysis of responding the course of ecological factor of the ecology irrigating water, use the analysis function of GIS to analyse in studying the vegetation state flooding the range in the district, the surface water and underground change concerning, impact on vegetation of dynamic change of water table and study the system after establishing ecology and turning on the water in the course. Chapter six summarizing the full text: The Method of flood submerging simulation based on GIS and the model of analysis ecology responded looks forward to in the future.
语种	中文
学科主题	在生态环境科学上的应用
公开日期	2010-11-12
页码	共62页
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.xjlas.org/handle/365004/8380]
专题	新疆生态与地理研究所_中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所(2010年以前数据)
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	钱静　. 基于3S技术的洪水淹没及生态响应分析[D]. 中国科学院．中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所．自然地理．. 2004.

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