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题名	三工河流域水量转化和水资源开发利用
作者	年福华
学位类别	硕士
答辩日期	2000
授予单位	中国科学院．中国科学陶新疆生态与地理研究所．自然地理学．
导师	李新，中国科学陶新疆生态与地理研究所
关键词	三工河流域
中文摘要	三工河流域平原区位于新疆阜康市境内的天山北麓中段、准噶尔盆地南缘，南北长29km，东西宽30km，流域面积684.8km~2。流域内的：水磨沟河、三工河与四工河均发源于博格达峰，年总径流量为9517.1 * 10~4m~3。流域内的山前戈壁带是径流的散失区，也是平原区地下水的形成区。河川径流每年通过直接渗漏、河床潜流、春季融雪和山前降水直接补给地下水3984.67 * 10~4m~3。以水量平衡方程ΔQ=Q_补－Q_排 对区域水平衡分项计算的结果为：Q_补＝Q_潜＋Q_河＋Q_洪＋Q_冬＋Q_渠＋Q_田＋Q_雨＋Q_库＝6338.7 * 10~4m~3 Q_排＝Q_开＋Q_蒸＋Q_（侧排）＝6626.6 * 10~4m~3而流域水资源总量为11097.0 * 10~4m~3 目前全流域每年引用地表水8325.3 * 10~4m~3，开采地下水4630.3 * 10~4m~3，共计12955.6 * 10~4m~3，为流域水资源总量的116.7%。其结果占流域总面积70%的区域地下水位下降，近12年来累计下降4.69～6.25m，年平均下降0.39～0.56m。地下水位下降的区域主要集中在乌－奇公路南北两侧1.5～2.5km的范围内，水位下降漏斗的中以位于渔尔沟。据计算，全区地下水已超采，局部出现水位降落漏斗。渔尔沟水源地已形成严重的降落漏斗。这些地区应逐步限制开采，不宜再增加井数；而流域北部有较大面积地下水位上升区，这些地区可适当加大开采力度和开采强度。根据现状开采用水情况，流域已处于水资源开发利用过度阶段，如果不采取有效措施，不但会造成数量减少，而且含水层可能最终被耗尽，使现有的地下水开采系统严重失调。为些应尽早采取有有效措施，逐步使全流域在地下水资源未遭彻底破坏之前达到水资源收去的平衡。Sangong River basin is small watershed in the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains and southern boundary of Junggar Basin, the plain section of Sangong River basin, with 684.68 km~2 of area, is located in Fukang City in Northern Xinjiang. The river basin is combined by three small rivers and all the rivers originate from Bogeda Mountain with 95171.1 * 10~4m~3 of annual runoff. The Gobi zone in front of the mountain is not only stream disappearing zone but also the forming zone of groundwater in plain area. According to the calculation based on water budget equation, water infiltrated into ground is 3984.67 * 10~4m~3/a in that area. Total water resources in Sangong River basin is 11097.07 * 10~4m~3 and 8325.3 * 10~4m~3 of surface water has been channeled, and 4630.3 * 10~4m~3 of groundwater has been pumped for irrigation every year by average, Used water in the basin is 116.7% of natural water resources in the basin so that groundwater table has declined for years. It has dropped 4.69～6.25m in last 12 years. The area where groundwater table has dropped quickly is in the sides 1.5～2.5 km to Urumqi-Qitai Road, and the center area is Yuergou Area. But in the northern part of Sangong River basin, groundwater table has raised in recent years. According to the calculating and study on water usage situation in Sangong River basin, groundwater is over pumped, especially in the slope area of mountain. To near Yuergou area in Sangong River basin should be limited, and more groundwater in the northern part can be used in the near future.
语种	中文
学科主题	水文地理学及水资源
公开日期	2010-11-12
页码	共63页
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.xjlas.org/handle/365004/8262]
专题	新疆生态与地理研究所_中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所(2010年以前数据)
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	年福华　. 三工河流域水量转化和水资源开发利用[D]. 中国科学院．中国科学陶新疆生态与地理研究所．自然地理学．. 2000.

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