QQ客服 官方微博 反馈留言

题名	塔里木河中下游人为干扰下的地下水位动态变化
作者	郑丹
学位类别	硕士
答辩日期	2005
授予单位	中国科学院．中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所．环境科学．
导师	陈亚宁，中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所
关键词	人为干扰
其他题名	The Groundwater change under the disturbance of human-activity in Middle and lower Reaches of Tarim River
中文摘要	人为干扰是人为行动对自然的干扰，积极的人为干扰有利于维持生态系统的总体稳定。塔里木河流域生态系统脆弱，对人为和自然的干扰反应敏感。近几年，在以保护上游、治理中游、恢复下游为目的的流域生态环境综合治理工作的指导下，塔里木河流域管理局分别在塔里木河中游与下游进行了人为干扰-堤防修建与生态输水。本文依据中游堤防外围地下水位变化的三年资料，运用统计分析的原理与方法，探讨了堤防建设对外围地下水位变化的影响；并以塔里木河下游六次生态输水的地下水位资料为基础，运用灰色理论模型，与相关统计分析，探讨了断流河道地下水位的动态响应过程，在预测环境与建模环境相似性的条件下，预测了不同输水量条件下的地下水位抬升幅度、影响宽度，研究结果如下：（1）塔里木河中游堤防的修建，有效地遏制了塔里木河河水在汛期的任意漫流，对增加下游的来水量起到了积极作用。同时，输水堤防也使中游堤防外围地下水位发生了变化。沙子河断面，由于堤防的修建使得2003年地下水埋深大于2002年，年内变化不明显，但整体上地下水埋深较其他断面大。乌斯满断面地下水埋深小于沙子河断面和阿其河断面，年内变化较大，由于在枯水期生态闸提闸放水，使断面能够获得地表水的灌溉，因此地下水埋深在枯水期也较小；另外，在乌斯满断面，近河岸的地段地下水埋深较小，地表积盐严重。所以应通过地下水位的实时监控来考虑生态闸放水的时间和（2）塔里木河下游断流河道，随着生态输水次数和输水量的增加，河段两侧的地下水位响应愈明显。在横向上，地下水的响应范围逐渐扩大，但随远离河道处，地下水位的抬升幅度减弱；纵向上，断流河道上段地下水位响应范围最大，中段次之，下游区段较小。且地下水位的抬升幅度也表现为由上游段至下上游段逐渐减弱的态势。回归分析表明，塔里木河下游输水后的地下水位变化均符合幂函数曲线变化规律，以此得出六次输水后英苏地下水位的最大响应范围要达到100伽、1500m、200枷时，需要从大西海子水库下泄的水量分别为2．82x1Os3、5．95X功恤3和n．73x10sinv。一，（3）输水前后的地下水位变化过程析表明全塔里木河下游输水对地下水位抬升的具有累积叠加效果，后一次输水的地下水位在前一次输水的基础上抬升幅度呱卜141八。逐渐增加。运用灰色理论对塔里木河下游六次输水后地下水位埋深的预测表明随着未来输水工程的持续，地下水埋深呈缓慢上升的趋势，且随着纵向距离的增大地下水位上升趋势由大变小。所以，塔河下游断流河段河道两侧地下水位恢复是一个与输水量和输水时间关系密切的上下波动的周期性过程，且要河道两侧地下水位恢复到适合天然植被生长所需范围是一个艰难而漫长的工作。Human-activity disturbance in take action under influencing causing to the natural interference artificially, Human-activity disturbance includes controlling a lot of irrigation works built to the river while developing. The human-activity disturbance of the Tarim River is including carrying on the comprehensive administration of the ecological environment to title Tarim River valley, aim at protecting the upper reaches 9 controlling the state of being middling to achieve the goal of resuming the downstream ecosystem. What the state of being middling is involved the river project to control the question, Build embankments 229km from the section of Shazihe to Aqihe, Build provent-flood-embankments along the straight section, build input-water-embankment to the river of branch. Implemented the dredge in the river section of serious to deposit and the insufficient capacity to withstand floods* These undoubtedly to prevent river from to overflow flood period, increasing input water to lower reaches play important fttnction. The lower reaches mainly involoved to ecological inputting water. Implement the ecological inputting water 6 times to the river lower reaches of Tarim River of 30 years of blanking since 2000, in order to reach and lift the nearby water table of Tarim River, save the natural desert vegetation declining day by day. Project these give play to enormous excitement profit remove the evil fonction on one hand , some negative effects produce to river environment at the same time. Construction of embankment make natural river artificial canal , change the river hydrology course too, and the change can ecological course lead to the fact influence naturally to Tarim River master stream, how about influencing the intensity? How does the peripheral groundwater change the dyke? This is the new subject concerning protected the green belt'5 of master stream of Tarim Rivet The dynamic monitoring materials changed to the peripheral groundwater of the dyke deeply are buried in the past three years iti the basis of this text, Probe into the master stream dyke of Tarim River and build influence that encloses water table change to the outside especially, offer scientific basis for dredging waterway and ecological environmental protection of master stream* At the same time,Base on the groundwater data after six input water of lower reaches of Tarim River,Use the grey theory model,Under predicting that there are similar conditions in the environment and modeling environment. Accurately prediction the groundwater table change in Tarim River under the same delivery water amount in future.Use SPSS statistic software, As a result, after six times inputting water ,most respond range of the groundwater in Yingsu section reached 1000m ^ 1500m ^ 2000m, the amount of water needing letting out from the Daxihaizi reservoir is 2.82xl08m3 , 5.95* 10sm3 and lL73xlQ8m3 respectively. Provided science theory in Tarim River valley of water resource distribution and confirmed the least ecological inputting-water-amount to maintain the lower reach of Tarim River secure ecological environment.
语种	中文
学科主题	恢复生态
公开日期	2010-11-12
页码	共42页
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.xjlas.org/handle/365004/8186]
专题	新疆生态与地理研究所_中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所(2010年以前数据)
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	郑丹　. 塔里木河中下游人为干扰下的地下水位动态变化[D]. 中国科学院．中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所．环境科学．. 2005.

个性服务

查看访问统计

相关权益政策

暂无数据

收藏/分享

除非特别说明，本系统中所有内容都受版权保护，并保留所有权利。