The origins of cannabis smoking: Chemical residue evidence from the first millennium BCE in the Pamirs

doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaw1391

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	The origins of cannabis smoking: Chemical residue evidence from the first millennium BCE in the Pamirs
	Ren, Meng 1,2; Tang, Zihua 3; Wu, Xinhua 4; Spengler, Robert 5; Jiang, Hongen 2; Yang, Yimin 2,5; Boivin, Nicole 5
刊名	SCIENCE ADVANCES
	2019-06-01
卷号	5 期号:6 页码:8
ISSN号	2375-2548
DOI	10.1126/sciadv.aaw1391
英文摘要	Cannabis is one of the oldest cultivated plants in East Asia, grown for grain and fiber as well as for recreational, medical, and ritual purposes. It is one of the most widely used psychoactive drugs in the world today, but little is known about its early psychoactive use or when plants under cultivation evolved the phenotypical trait of increased specialized compound production. The archaeological evidence for ritualized consumption of cannabis is limited and contentious. Here, we present some of the earliest directly dated and scientifically verified evidence for ritual cannabis smoking. This phytochemical analysis indicates that cannabis plants were burned in wooden braziers during mortuary ceremonies at the Jirzankal Cemetery (ca. 500 BCE) in the eastern Pamirs region. This suggests cannabis was smoked as part of ritual and/or religious activities in western China by at least 2500 years ago and that the cannabis plants produced high levels of psychoactive compounds.
资助项目	Max Planck Society ; Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS ; National Young Top-Notch Talent Support Program ; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
WOS关键词	SATIVA MARIJUANA ; ANCIENT CANNABIS ; AGE ; EVOLUTION ; CLASSIFICATION ; AGRICULTURE ; PHENOTYPE ; XINJIANG ; HEMP
WOS研究方向	Science & Technology - Other Topics
语种	英语
出版者	AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
WOS记录号	WOS:000473798500065
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://119.78.100.205/handle/311034/9979]
专题	古脊椎动物与古人类研究所_图书馆1
通讯作者	Yang, Yimin
作者单位	1.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Vertebrate Paleontol & Paleoanthropol, Key Lab Vertebrate Evolut & Human Origins Chinese, Beijing 100044, Peoples R China 2.Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Dept Archaeol & Anthropol, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China 3.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geol & Geophys, Key Lab Cenozo Geol & Environm, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China 4.Chinese Acad Social Sci, Inst Archaeol, Beijing 100710, Peoples R China 5.Max Planck Inst Sci Human Hist, Dept Archaeol, D-07745 Jena, Germany 6.Univ Queensland, Sch Social Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Ren, Meng,Tang, Zihua,Wu, Xinhua,et al. The origins of cannabis smoking: Chemical residue evidence from the first millennium BCE in the Pamirs[J]. SCIENCE ADVANCES,2019,5(6):8.
APA	Ren, Meng.,Tang, Zihua.,Wu, Xinhua.,Spengler, Robert.,Jiang, Hongen.,...&Boivin, Nicole.(2019).The origins of cannabis smoking: Chemical residue evidence from the first millennium BCE in the Pamirs.SCIENCE ADVANCES,5(6),8.
MLA	Ren, Meng,et al."The origins of cannabis smoking: Chemical residue evidence from the first millennium BCE in the Pamirs".SCIENCE ADVANCES 5.6(2019):8.