First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. II. Array and Instrumentation

doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab0c96

	First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. II. Array and Instrumentation
	Akiyama, Kazunori 1,2,3,4; Alberdi, Antxon 5; Alef, Walter 6; Asada, Keiichi 7; Azulay, Rebecca 6,8,9; Baczko, Anne-Kathrin 6; Ball, David 10,11; Balokovic, Mislav 4,12; Barrett, John 2; Bintley, Dan 13
刊名	ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
	2019-04-10
卷号	875 期号:1 页码:28
关键词	black hole physics galaxies: individual (M87) Galaxy: center gravitational lensing: strong instrumentation: interferometers techniques: high angular resolution
ISSN号	2041-8205
DOI	10.3847/2041-8213/ab0c96
通讯作者	Akiyama, Kazunori()
英文摘要	The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) is a very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) array that comprises millimeter- and submillimeter-wavelength telescopes separated by distances comparable to the diameter of the Earth. At a nominal operating wavelength of similar to 1.3 mm, EHT angular resolution (lambda/D) is similar to 25 mu as, which is sufficient to resolve nearby supermassive black hole candidates on spatial and temporal scales that correspond to their event horizons. With this capability, the EHT scientific goals are to probe general relativistic effects in the strong-field regime and to study accretion and relativistic jet formation near the black hole boundary. In this Letter we describe the system design of the EHT, detail the technology and instrumentation that enable observations, and provide measures of its performance. Meeting the EHT science objectives has required several key developments that have facilitated the robust extension of the VLBI technique to EHT observing wavelengths and the production of instrumentation that can be deployed on a heterogeneous array of existing telescopes and facilities. To meet sensitivity requirements, high-bandwidth digital systems were developed that process data at rates of 64. gigabit s(-1), exceeding those of currently operating cm-wavelength VLBI arrays by more than an order of magnitude. Associated improvements include the development of phasing systems at array facilities, new receiver installation at several sites, and the deployment of hydrogen maser frequency standards to ensure coherent data capture across the array. These efforts led to the coordination and execution of the first Global EHT observations in 2017 April, and to event-horizon-scale imaging of the supermassive black hole candidate in M87.
WOS关键词	SGR-A-ASTERISK ; SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLE ; MAGNETIC-FIELD STRUCTURE ; GHZ VLBI OBSERVATIONS ; COHERENCE LIMITS ; INTRINSIC SIZE ; PICO-VELETA ; RADIO ; ACCRETION ; PARAMETERS
WOS研究方向	Astronomy & Astrophysics
语种	英语
出版者	IOP PUBLISHING LTD
WOS记录号	WOS:000464210800002
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://libir.pmo.ac.cn/handle/332002/24518]
专题	中国科学院紫金山天文台
通讯作者	Akiyama, Kazunori
作者单位	1.Natl Radio Astron Observ, 520 Edgemont Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA 2.MIT, Haystack Observ, 99 Millstone Rd, Westford, MA 01886 USA 3.Natl Astron Observ Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan 4.Harvard Univ, Black Hole Initiat, 20 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA 5.CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, Glorieta Astron S-N, E-18008 Granada, Spain 6.Max Planck Inst Radioastron, Hugel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany 7.Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, 11F Astron Math Bldg,AS NTU 1,Sect 4,Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 10617, Taiwan 8.Univ Valencia, Dept Astron & Astrofis, C Dr Moliner 50, E-46100 Valencia, Spain 9.Univ Valencia, Observ Astron, C Catedratico Jose Beltran 2, E-46980 Valencia, Spain 10.Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, 933 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Akiyama, Kazunori,Alberdi, Antxon,Alef, Walter,et al. First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. II. Array and Instrumentation[J]. ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS,2019,875(1):28.
APA	Akiyama, Kazunori.,Alberdi, Antxon.,Alef, Walter.,Asada, Keiichi.,Azulay, Rebecca.,...&Ziurys, Lucy.(2019).First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. II. Array and Instrumentation.ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS,875(1),28.
MLA	Akiyama, Kazunori,et al."First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. II. Array and Instrumentation".ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS 875.1(2019):28.