Flow structure in large bedrock-channels: The example of macroturbulent rapids, lower Mekong River, Southeast Asia

doi:10.1002/esp.4537

	Flow structure in large bedrock-channels: The example of macroturbulent rapids, lower Mekong River, Southeast Asia
	Carling, Paul A.1; Huang, He Qing 2; Su, Teng 2; Hornby, Duncan 3
刊名	EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS
	2019-03-30
卷号	44 期号:4 页码:843-860
关键词	bedrock channel velocity profile transverse flow wall affects Mekong
ISSN号	0197-9337
DOI	10.1002/esp.4537
通讯作者	Carling, Paul A.(p.a.carling@soton.ac.uk)
英文摘要	The rate of bedrock channel incision is key to the understanding of landscape evolution. Theoretical models relate channel incision to sediment transport; the latter conditioned by the bed shear stress. However, theory is deficient in an appreciation of the transverse and vertical flow structure that mediates shear stress for deep, narrow inner-channels, which often characterize large bedrock rivers. Here we present the detail of the structure of high Reynolds number flows for bedrock-controlled rapids of the Mekong River, SE Asia. Distinct filaments of high-velocity flow, separated by regions of slower flow, occur across channels; the numbers of filaments scale linearly with channel width to maximum-depth (B/h(max)) ratios. Inner-channels with low ratios (B/h(max) < 20) exhibit wall-effected flow structure. Effects include suppressed maximum velocity filaments due to: (i) significant channel-transverse flow; (ii) strongly-sheared vertical flow structure; and (iii) significant underflows. Such complex water column flow patterns largely defy theoretical description. Nonetheless near the bed, the vertical velocity distributions often conform to: (i) 'law-of-the-wall' logarithmic theory; or (ii) profiles in the near-bed region and within the transition to outer flow can be described using a log-wake function. Consequently, for selected velocity profiles it is possible to derive hydraulic parameters suitable for input to incision models. Chezy-C values are high, indicating low flow resistance, while bed shear stresses remain competent, even during low-discharges, to transport cobble bedload across low roughness bedrock surfaces. Thus, as competence is high, no blanketing sediment deposits can develop within inner channels to prevent bedrock erosion. Consequently, within similar high competence systems, incision is probably progressive as long as sediment supply is sustained to abrade the bedrock. The landscape modelling implication is that abrasion in this system is supply-limited and not limited by flow competence. In contrast, a transport-limited system is likely to evolve to exhibit an alluvial bed. (c) 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
资助项目	National Natural Science Foundation of China[41330751] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China[41561144012]
WOS关键词	BED-LOAD TRANSPORT ; VELOCITY PROFILE ; SEDIMENT-TRANSPORT ; SECONDARY CURRENTS ; BEDLOAD TRANSPORT ; BOUNDARY SHEAR ; ROUGH-WALL ; INCISION ; LAW ; STREAMS
WOS研究方向	Physical Geography ; Geology
语种	英语
出版者	WILEY
WOS记录号	WOS:000461867900001
资助机构	National Natural Science Foundation of China
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://ir.igsnrr.ac.cn/handle/311030/48655]
专题	中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所
通讯作者	Carling, Paul A.
作者单位	1.Henan Univ, Coll Environm & Planning, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, Peoples R China 2.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Key Lab Water Cycle & Related Land Surface Proc, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China 3.Univ Southampton, Geodata Inst, Geog & Environm, Southampton, Hants, England
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Carling, Paul A.,Huang, He Qing,Su, Teng,et al. Flow structure in large bedrock-channels: The example of macroturbulent rapids, lower Mekong River, Southeast Asia[J]. EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS,2019,44(4):843-860.
APA	Carling, Paul A.,Huang, He Qing,Su, Teng,&Hornby, Duncan.(2019).Flow structure in large bedrock-channels: The example of macroturbulent rapids, lower Mekong River, Southeast Asia.EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS,44(4),843-860.
MLA	Carling, Paul A.,et al."Flow structure in large bedrock-channels: The example of macroturbulent rapids, lower Mekong River, Southeast Asia".EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS 44.4(2019):843-860.