Analysis of Compositional Variation and Source Characteristics of Water-Soluble Ions in PM2.5 during Several Winter-Haze Pollution Episodes in Shenyang, China

doi:10.3390/atmos9070280

	Analysis of Compositional Variation and Source Characteristics of Water-Soluble Ions in PM2.5 during Several Winter-Haze Pollution Episodes in Shenyang, China
	Liu, NW (Liu, Ningwei)1; Chang, XJ (Chang, Xiaojiao)3; Hong, Y (Hong, Ye)1; Li, CL (Li, Chaoliu)2; Li, XL (Li, Xiaolan)1; Ma, YJ (Ma, Yanjun)1; Zhang, YH (Zhang, Yunhai)1; Zhou, DP (Zhou, Deping)1; Wang, YF (Wang, Yangfeng)1
刊名	ATMOSPHERE
	2018-07-01
卷号	9 期号:7 页码:文献号 280
关键词	REAL-TIME MEASUREMENTS CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION AEROSOL COMPOSITION SUSPENDED PARTICLES SUBMICRON AEROSOLS BOUNDARY-LAYER RURAL SITE INSIGHTS EVOLUTION NITRATE
ISSN号	2073-4433
DOI	10.3390/atmos9070280
英文摘要	From 18 February to 13 March 2014 and from 17 December 2016 to 27 January 2017, an online analyzer for monitoring aerosols and gases (MARGA) and an online single particle aerosol mass spectrometer (SPAMS) were used to measure and analyze the concentrations and sources of water-soluble (WS) ions in PM10, PM2.5, and gases (NH3, HNO3, HCl), in Shenyang City, China. During the field campaign, nine haze episodes (or smog episodes, total 582 h) were identified, with 960 identified as non-haze periods. The average mass concentrations of PM2.5 and total water-soluble ions (TWSIs) in PM2.5 during haze episodes were 131 mu g . m(3) and 77.2 mu g . m(3), 2.3 times and 1.9 times the values in non-haze periods, respectively. The average mass concentration of TWSIs in PM2.5 was 55.9 mu g . m(3) (accounting for 55.9% of PM2.5 mass loading), 37.6% of which was sulfate, 31.7% nitrate, 20.0% ammonium, 6.6% chloride, 1.9% potassium, 1.4% calcium, and 0.8% magnesium throughout the campaign. Concentrations of sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium (SNA) secondary pollution ions increased rapidly during haze episodes to as much as 2.2 times, 3.0 times, and 2.4 times higher than during non-haze periods, respectively. Diurnal variations during non-haze periods were significant, while complex pollution was insignificant. Based on changes in the backward trajectories and concentrations of WS ions, the hazy episodes were divided into three types: complex, coal-burning, and automobile exhaust pollution. All complex episodes had high concentrations and greater contributions of ammonium nitrate from complex and automobile exhaust pollution, while the contribution of ammonium sulfate from coal-burning pollution was greater than that of ammonium nitrate. The correlation coefficients among SNA species were very high in complex pollution, with nitrate and sulfate the main forms present. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) were related to emissions from burning coal for heating and from long-range transmission in winter. In the case of exhaust pollution, NO3- accounted for the highest percentage of PM2.5, and NH4+ was more closely related to NO3- than to SO42-. Coal-burning pollution was the most common type of pollution in Shenyang. The contribution of sulfate was higher than that of nitrate. Based on PCA, the contribution of coal-burning emissions varied from 36.7% to 53.6% due to industry, soil sources, and other factors.
WOS研究方向	Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
语种	英语
出版者	MDPI
WOS记录号	WOS:000445141400044
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://ir.itpcas.ac.cn/handle/131C11/8602]
专题	青藏高原研究所_图书馆
作者单位	1.China Meteorol Adm, Inst Atmospher Environm, Shenyang 110166, Liaoning, Peoples R China; 2.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Tibetan Plateau Res, Beijing 100085, Peoples R China; 3.Dalian Acad Agr Sci, Dalian 116036, Peoples R China.
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Liu, NW ,Chang, XJ ,Hong, Y ,et al. Analysis of Compositional Variation and Source Characteristics of Water-Soluble Ions in PM2.5 during Several Winter-Haze Pollution Episodes in Shenyang, China[J]. ATMOSPHERE,2018,9(7):文献号 280.
APA	Liu, NW .,Chang, XJ .,Hong, Y .,Li, CL .,Li, XL .,...&Wang, YF .(2018).Analysis of Compositional Variation and Source Characteristics of Water-Soluble Ions in PM2.5 during Several Winter-Haze Pollution Episodes in Shenyang, China.ATMOSPHERE,9(7),文献号 280.
MLA	Liu, NW ,et al."Analysis of Compositional Variation and Source Characteristics of Water-Soluble Ions in PM2.5 during Several Winter-Haze Pollution Episodes in Shenyang, China".ATMOSPHERE 9.7(2018):文献号 280.