New polybranchiaspiform fishes (Agnatha: Galeaspida) from the Middle Palaeozoic of China and their ecomorphological implications

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0202217

	New polybranchiaspiform fishes (Agnatha: Galeaspida) from the Middle Palaeozoic of China and their ecomorphological implications
	Gai, Zhikun 1,2,3; Lu, Liwu 4; Zhao, Wenjin 1,2,3; Zhu, Min1,2,3
刊名	PLOS ONE
	2018-09-19
卷号	13 期号:9 页码:21
ISSN号	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0202217
通讯作者	Gai, Zhikun(gaizhikun@ivpp.ac.cn) ; Zhu, Min(zhumin@ivpp.ac.cn)
英文摘要	The 438-370-million-year-old galeaspids, diversified armoured jawless vertebrates ('ostracoderms') from China and northern Vietnam, were assumed to have a benthic feeding habit in a coastal, marine environment. Here, we describe two new genera of galeaspid fishes, Platylomaspis gen. nov. and Nanningaspis gen. nov. from the Middle Palaeozoic of China. The two new forms are characterized by a rostral process and strikingly broad ventral rim, and clustered with Gumuaspis to form a new family, Gumuaspidae, which represents the most primitive clade of Polybranchiaspiformes. They extend the earliest occurrence of Polybranchiaspiformes backward about 19 million years, and expand its geographical distribution from southern China and northern Vietnam to the Tarim Basin, northwestern China. The new taxa exhibit many morphological convergences with modern rays, and might specify a new kind of lifestyle of galeaspids, the half burrowing habit. Probably benefiting from the new lifestyle, the Gumuaspidae has become the longest lasting galeaspid family. The new findings demonstrated that the demersal galeaspids had developed three different kinds of lifestyles: semi-infaunal benthic (half buried), epibenthic, and suprabenthic (nektonic) habits to accommodate to differentiated ecological niches, and reached the peak of their diversity by the Pragian of the Early Devonian.
资助项目	Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences, CAS[QYZDB-SSW-DQC040] ; Natural Science Foundation of China[41572108] ; Natural Science Foundation of China[41530102] ; National Program for support of Top-notch Young Professionals ; Strategic Priority Research Program of CAS[XDA19050102] ; Strategic Priority Research Program of CAS[XDB26000000]
WOS关键词	JAWLESS FISH ; GUANGXI ; VERTEBRATE ; ARTHRODIRA ; PHYLOGENY ; AFFINITY ; YUNNAN ; WHITE
WOS研究方向	Science & Technology - Other Topics
语种	英语
出版者	PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
WOS记录号	WOS:000445164300016
资助机构	Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences, CAS ; Natural Science Foundation of China ; National Program for support of Top-notch Young Professionals ; Strategic Priority Research Program of CAS
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://119.78.100.205/handle/311034/8952]
专题	中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所
通讯作者	Gai, Zhikun; Zhu, Min
作者单位	1.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Vertebrate Paleontol & Paleoanthropol, Key Lab Vertebrate Evolut & Human Origins, Beijing, Peoples R China 2.CAS Ctr Excellence Life & Paleoenvironm, Beijing, Peoples R China 3.Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China 4.Geol Museum China, Beijing, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Gai, Zhikun,Lu, Liwu,Zhao, Wenjin,et al. New polybranchiaspiform fishes (Agnatha: Galeaspida) from the Middle Palaeozoic of China and their ecomorphological implications[J]. PLOS ONE,2018,13(9):21.
APA	Gai, Zhikun,Lu, Liwu,Zhao, Wenjin,&Zhu, Min.(2018).New polybranchiaspiform fishes (Agnatha: Galeaspida) from the Middle Palaeozoic of China and their ecomorphological implications.PLOS ONE,13(9),21.
MLA	Gai, Zhikun,et al."New polybranchiaspiform fishes (Agnatha: Galeaspida) from the Middle Palaeozoic of China and their ecomorphological implications".PLOS ONE 13.9(2018):21.