题名基于相干探测的脉冲压缩激光关联成像雷达理论与实验研究
作者邓陈进
文献子类博士
导师韩申生
关键词激光强度关联成像雷达 Ghost imaging lidar 相干探测 Coherent detection 脉冲压缩 pulse-compression 成像信噪比 imaging signal-to-noise ratio
其他题名Research on pulse-compression ghost imaging Lidar via coherent detection
英文摘要强度关联成像是一种新型的获取目标图像信息的非局域成像方法,利用热光 场辐照目标,由一个无空间分辨能力的单像素探测器获取目标返回信号的涨落信 息,通过涨落信息与探测热光场间的二阶关联运算重构图像。这种成像方式具有 分辨率高、探测距离远、系统结构简单等特点,因此受到研究者的广泛关注。近 年来,强度关联成像在遥感成像领域的开发利用取得显著进展,研制出脉冲体制 的三维强度关联成像样机系统,并取得一系列实验结果。然而,由于传统窄脉冲 关联成像雷达存在探测信噪比和测距分辨率的矛盾,因此在远距离成像应用中存 在瓶颈。为克服这一困难,本文提出一种基于相干探测的脉冲压缩关联成像雷达 方案,以拓展关联成像雷达在远距离成像中的应用。论文内容安排如下: 第1 章,介绍激光三维成像的发展历史和现状,通过对当前各种体制激光成 像雷达技术的总结分析,讨论强度关联成像在遥感领域的优势、应用场景和需要 解决的问题。 第2 章,讨论相干探测脉冲压缩关联成像中会遇到的一些问题,包括光电探 测、关联成像重构算法、测距方法,这些内容是相干探测脉冲压缩关联成像理论 框架的前期工作。首先介绍激光雷达中的光电探测理论,重点介绍相干探测中的 散斑效应。然后,介绍热光场关联成像的统一理论、脉冲关联成像雷达的结构和 关键技术、运动目标关联成像的图像重构技术。最后,介绍激光雷达中的测距方 法,重点关注啁啾调幅脉冲压缩测距技术与关联成像结合的可能性。 第3 章,介绍基于啁啾调幅的相干探测脉冲压缩关联成像理论。首先,从现 有脉冲关联成像雷达存在的探测距离和发射能量矛盾出发,指出利用相干探测可 有效解决该问题。然后,介绍基于啁啾调幅的相干探测脉冲压缩关联成像系统原 理,包括时空二维调制信号模型、信号传播模型、相干探测方案,并进行了图像 重构的理论推导,给出图像重构方案。针对相干探测效率问题、并为了提高图像 的重构速度,给出了基于随机分布点探测器阵列的方案。最后,通过数值仿真, 证明基于啁啾调幅的相干探测脉冲压缩关联成像雷达能够获得目标的图像和速 度。另外,本章还给出一种基于非相干探测的啁啾调幅关联成像方案。 第4 章,讨论背景光干扰下关联成像的性能。由于在实际遥感探测应用中, 背景噪声不可避免。本章分析现有的三种关联成像雷达,即窄脉冲关联成像雷达, 基于非相干探测的啁啾调幅关联成像雷达,和相干探测脉冲压缩关联成像雷达, 在背景光干扰下的成像性能。建立上述三种关联成像雷达的成像信噪比理论模型, 推导理论结果,并通过数值仿真进行验证。最后,总结三种关联成像雷达系统的 优缺点和各自合适的应用场景。 第5 章,开展相干探测脉冲压缩关联成像雷达的原理验证实验。本章讨论了 实验系统的整体设计方案,完成实验平台搭建,并进行了初步的二维目标成像实 验。 第6 章,总结相干探测脉冲压缩关联成像研究存在的优缺点、可能的解决方 法,展望下一步的工作,包括实验系统的优化设计、下一阶段的实验安排等。; Ghost imaging (GI), is a novel non-local imaging method, which utilizes thermal light for illumination and detects the fluctuation of the reflected signals with a singlepixel detector. Targets’ image can be reconstructed by second-order intensity correlation between the detected fluctuation information and the illumination information. This imaging method has many advantages of high-resolution, distant detection and simple mechanism, thus attracting a lot of attentions. Recently, a pulsed three-dimensional Lidar has been developed, and a series of experiments have been done. However, range resolution and emitting power is a coupling problem that constraints its ability in remote sensing application. In this thesis, a pulse-compression ghost imaging lidar via coherent detection is proposed to overcome the difficulty. The thesis is arranged as follows: In chapter 1, the background and research status of 3D imaging Lidar is introduced, and a conclusion of the merits and problems of ghost imaging technique is also proposed. In chapter 2, some theoretic preparation is discussed. Firstly, optical light detection techniques, especially coherent detection, is discussed. Then the general theory of ghost imaging and some image reconstruction algorithms are proposed. Finally, ranging methods in lidar application are proposed, and we mainly discussed the chirpedamplitude ranging method, which will be applied in pulse-compression ghost imaging Lidar. In chapter 3, the theory scheme of pulse-compression ghost imaging lidar is proposed. The theory model of light modulation, propagation, and light detection is discussed. A numerical simulation is given to demonstrate the imaging ability compared to traditional pulsed three-dimensional ghost imaging lidar. In chapter 4, we give a deep discussion on imaging signal-to-noise ratio for three kinds of GI lidar, namely narrow pulsed GI lidar, heterodyne GI lidar and pulsecompression GI lidar via coherent detection, when there exists background light. Both theoretical and numerical results are given. At last, we will discuss the characteristic for the three lidar systems and their best application scenarios. In chapter 5, we carry out an experiment to demonstrate the theoretical results of pulse-compression ghost imaging lidar via coherent detection. The setup of the experimental system will be discussed explicitly, and some primary experiments of a two-dimensional static targets are given. In chapter 6, we take a brief discussion and summary of this thesis, and made a plan for further study of pulse-compression ghost imaging.
学科主题光学工程
内容类型学位论文
源URL[http://ir.siom.ac.cn/handle/181231/31026]  
专题中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所
作者单位中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
邓陈进. 基于相干探测的脉冲压缩激光关联成像雷达理论与实验研究[D].
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