不同施肥措施对黄河上游灌区油葵田土壤N_2O排放的影响

CORC > 中国农业科学院 > 农业环境与可持续发展研究所 > 生态安全研究室

	不同施肥措施对黄河上游灌区油葵田土壤N_2O排放的影响
	陈哲 1; 陈媛媛 2; 高霁 3; 刘汝亮 4; 杨正礼 1; 张爱平 1
刊名	应用生态学报
	2015
卷号	26 期号:1 页码:129-139
关键词	油葵田氧化亚氮有机肥与无机肥土壤水分铵态氮
ISSN号	1001-9332
其他题名	Effects of different fertilization measures on N_2O emission in oil sunflower field in irrigation area of upper Yellow River
英文摘要	农田土壤已成为大气氧化亚氮(N_2O)最大的人为释放源,为了解长期有机肥与无机肥配施对后茬作物土壤N_2O排放的影响,本研究基于宁夏河套地区典型冬小麦-油葵复种农田生态系统,利用静态箱-气相色谱法对后茬作物(油葵)种植期内土壤N_2O通量特征进行了测定.结果表明:前茬施肥对后茬油葵土壤N_2O排放具有显著的刺激效应,N_(300)-OM(210kg N?hm~(-2)无机肥、90 kg N?hm~(-2)有机肥)、N_(240)-OM_(1/2)(195 kg N?hm~(-2)无机肥、45 kg N?hm~(-2)有机肥)、N_(300)(300 kg N?hm~(-2)无机肥)和N_(240)(240 kg N?hm~(-2)无机肥)处理下土壤N_2O生长季平均通量为(34.16±9.72)、(39.69±10.70)、(27.75±9.57)和(26.31±8.52)μg?m~(-2)?h~(-1),分别是对照样地的4.09、4.75、3.32、3.15倍.施肥处理下油葵生长季内N_2O总累积排放量高达1242.5~796.7 g?hm~(-2),是对照组的4.67~2.99倍;在整个生长季,有机肥与无机肥配施处理N_2O排放速率都维持在较高水平,各月累积排放量间无显著差异;而单施化肥处理N_2O排放速率逐渐下降,生长季初期为主要排放阶段,7月累积排放量占总排放量的41.3%~41.8%;不同施肥方式下,有机肥与无机肥配施处理N_2O总累积排放量显著高于单施化肥,但相同施肥方式下高氮量处理与减氮优化处理(N_(300)-OM与N_(240)-OM_(1/2),N_(300)与N_(240))间差异不显著.受干旱影响,土壤水分是控制油葵田土壤N_2O排放的主要环境因素.有机肥与无机肥配施处理下N_2O排放速率与NH_4~+-N含量呈显著正相关,而所有处理下N_2O排放速率与土壤NO_3~--N含量均不相关,表明添加有机肥会持续改善土壤NH_4~+-N供给进而增加N_2O排放.; Agricultural soil has become the largest anthropogenic source of atmospheric nitrous oxide (N_2O). To estimate the impacts of long-term combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers on N_2O emission in a typical winter wheat-oil sunflower cropping system in the Ningxia irrigation area,we measured N_2O fluxes using the static opaque chamber-gas chromatograph method and monitored the seasonal dynamics of related factors. Our results showed that nitrogen addition in the previous crop field significantly stimulated N_2O emissions during the following oil-sunflower cultivation, and the mean fluxes of N_(300)-OM,N_(240)-OM_(1 /2),N_(300) and N_(240) were (34. 16 ±9. 72), (39. 69 ±10. 70),(27. 75 ±9. 57) and (26. 30 ±8. 52) μg?m~(-2)?h~(-1),respectively,which were 4. 09,4. 75,3. 32 and 3. 15 times of the control groups. The total cumulative N_2O emissions of ferti-lizer treatments in growing season was as high as 796. 7 to 1242. 5 g?hm~(-2),which was 2. 99 to 4. 67 times of the control groups. During the growing season,the rates of N_2O emission in each month organic and inorganic ferti-lizers combined treatments were similar at high levels. N_2O emission in chemical fertilizer treatments gradually decreased,and the main period of N_2O emission occurred at the beginning of growing season. Taking July for example,N_2O emission accounted for 41. 3% to 41. 8% of total cumulative amount. The amounts of N_2O emission under organic and inorganic ferti-lizers combined treatments were significantly higher than under chemical fertilizer treatments. The N_2O emissions were not significantly different between conventional and optimized applications of nitrogen fertilizer under the same fertilizing method,either between N_(300)-OM and N_(240)- OM_(1 /2),or between N_(300) and N_(240). On account of the drought,N_2O emission in each treatment was mainly affected by soil moisture. N_2O emission had a significant positive correlation with soil ammonium nitrogen content under combined applications of organic and inorganic fertilizers,but was not correlated with soil nitrate nitrogen content under all treatments. This showed that adding organic fertilizer could stimulate the N_2O production via increasing the soil ammonium nitrogen content.
学科主题	农业基础科学
语种	中文
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://111.203.20.206/handle/2HMLN22E/16887]
专题	农业环境与可持续发展研究所_生态安全研究室
作者单位	1.中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所农业清洁流域团队, 农业部农业环境重点实验室, 北京, 100081 2.中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 北京, 100085 3.中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所, 北京, 100081 4.宁夏农林科学院农业资源与环境研究所, 银川, 750002
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	陈哲,陈媛媛,高霁,等. 不同施肥措施对黄河上游灌区油葵田土壤N_2O排放的影响[J]. 应用生态学报,2015,26(1):129-139.
APA	陈哲,陈媛媛,高霁,刘汝亮,杨正礼,&张爱平.(2015).不同施肥措施对黄河上游灌区油葵田土壤N_2O排放的影响.应用生态学报,26(1),129-139.
MLA	陈哲,et al."不同施肥措施对黄河上游灌区油葵田土壤N_2O排放的影响".应用生态学报 26.1(2015):129-139.