Functional gradients and heterogeneities in biological materials: Design principles, functions, and bioinspired applications

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	Functional gradients and heterogeneities in biological materials: Design principles, functions, and bioinspired applications
	Liu, Zengqian ; Meyers, Marc A. ; Zhang, Zhefeng ; Ritchie, Robert O.
刊名	PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE
	2017-07-01
卷号	88 页码:467-498
关键词	Gradient Heterogeneity Biological materials Bioinspiration Functionally graded materials
ISSN号	0079-6425
通讯作者	Ritchie, RO (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
中文摘要	Living organisms have ingeniously evolved functional gradients and heterogeneities to create high-performance biological materials from a fairly limited choice of elements and compounds during long-term evolution and selection. The translation of such design motifs into synthetic materials offers a spectrum of feasible pathways towards unprecedented properties and functionalities that are favorable for practical uses in a variety of engineering and medical fields. Here, we review the basic design forms and principles of naturally-occurring gradients in biological materials and discuss the functions and benefits that they confer to organisms. These gradients are fundamentally associated with the variations in local chemical compositions/constituents and structural characteristics involved in the arrangement, distribution, dimensions and orientations of the building units. The associated interfaces in biological materials invariably demonstrate localized gradients and a variety of gradients are generally integrated over multiple length-scales within the same material. The bioinspired design and applications of synthetic functionally graded materials that mimic their natural paradigms are revisited and the emerging processing techniques needed to replicate the biological gradients are described. It is expected that in the future bioinspired gradients and heterogeneities will play an increasingly important role in the development of high-performance materials for more challenging applications. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
学科主题	Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
收录类别	SCI
资助信息	Multi-University Research Initiative from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research [AFOSR-FA9550-15-1-0009]
语种	英语
公开日期	2017-08-17
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://ir.imr.ac.cn/handle/321006/78069]
专题	金属研究所_中国科学院金属研究所
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Liu, Zengqian,Meyers, Marc A.,Zhang, Zhefeng,et al. Functional gradients and heterogeneities in biological materials: Design principles, functions, and bioinspired applications[J]. PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE,2017,88:467-498.
APA	Liu, Zengqian,Meyers, Marc A.,Zhang, Zhefeng,&Ritchie, Robert O..(2017).Functional gradients and heterogeneities in biological materials: Design principles, functions, and bioinspired applications.PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE,88,467-498.
MLA	Liu, Zengqian,et al."Functional gradients and heterogeneities in biological materials: Design principles, functions, and bioinspired applications".PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE 88(2017):467-498.