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	土壤反硝化的分子生态学研究进展及其影响因素; Molecular Ecology Research Progress for Soil Denitrification and Research Status for Its Influencing Factors
	王海涛 ; 郑天凌 ; 杨小茹
	2013-10-20
关键词	土壤 反硝化 作用机理 影响因素 分子生态学 soil denitrification function mechanism influencing factors molecular ecology
英文摘要	反硝化作用是在微生物参与下的土壤氮循环中的一个重要过程,反硝化作用强弱直接影响着氮素的利用。反硝化微生物是一大生理类群,广泛分布于细菌、真菌和古菌中,经典的16S rrnA方法不适合反硝化细菌的生态学研究。利用功能基因,结合现代分子生物学技术,已成为反硝化研究的常用方法。主要介绍了变性梯度凝胶电泳、末端标记限制性片段长度多态性技术、实时荧光定量PCr、反转录PCr以及最近发展起来的高通量测序技术和功能单细胞分离技术在反硝化生态研究中的应用,并综述了土壤反硝化作用的研究进展及其影响因素,对反硝化未来的研究技术和方向进行了展望。; Denitrification,a microbial redox process in which nitrogen oxides are reduced stepwise to gaseous products,is an important step in nitrogen cycling,especially in the soil environments.Denitrifying microbes possess a series of enzymes encoded by various functional denitrifying genes.The classic 16S rRNA molecular method is not suitable for the study of diversity and abundance of denitrifying bacteria,since denitrifying microorganisms are a large physiological group of microbes widely distributed in bacteria,fungi and archaea.It is easier to distinguish microbes with different ecological functions by investigating specific functional genes.The application of modern molecular techniques,including denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis(DGGE),terminal restriction fragment length patterns(T-RFLP),real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR(qPCR),and reverse transcription-PCR(RT-PCR)techniques,as well as the newly developed high-throughput sequencing technique and functional single-cel(lFSC)isolation method in denitrification ecological research are reviewed in this paper.Compared with the traditional methods,high-throughput sequencing technique could provide more reliable results to directly understand the denitrifying communities,and would contribute to the identification of new denitrification pathways when combined with FSC isolation method.The progress of molecular ecology research on soil denitrification mechanism and its influencing factors are also reviewed.In addition,the main influencing factors including temperature,pH,carbon and nitrogen sources and dissolved oxygen are discussed in relation to the denitrification activity.Finally,some new directions in the denitrification research are proposed in this paper.; 国家自然科学基金(31000254); 福建省自然科学基金(2012J05070); 中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-Q02-04); 科技部国际科技合作专项(2011DFB91710)
语种	zh_CN
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://dspace.xmu.edu.cn/handle/2288/108302]
专题	环境生态－已发表论文
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	王海涛,郑天凌,杨小茹. 土壤反硝化的分子生态学研究进展及其影响因素, Molecular Ecology Research Progress for Soil Denitrification and Research Status for Its Influencing Factors[J],2013.
APA	王海涛,郑天凌,&杨小茹.(2013).土壤反硝化的分子生态学研究进展及其影响因素..
MLA	王海涛,et al."土壤反硝化的分子生态学研究进展及其影响因素".(2013).

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