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	重组实验数据处理与经验证据评估新架构的探索——《新概念基础物理实验讲义》前4章的特点介绍
	朱鹤年 ; 肖志刚 ; Zhu Henian ; Xiao Zhigang
	2016-03-30 ; 2016-03-30
关键词	物理实验 数据处理 经验证据评估 physics experiment data analysis scientific evidence evaluation O4-5
其他题名	RECONSTRUCTION OF A NEW FRAMEWORK FOR COMBINING THE EXPERIMENTAL DATA ANALYSIS AND THE SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE EVALUATION——AN INTRODUCTION TO THE FIRST FOUR CHAPTERS OF THE BOOK 《LECTURE NOTES ON THE NEW CONCEPTUAL FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICS EXPERIMENTS》
中文摘要	随机误差的随机性与未定系统误差的近似随机性,是宏观测量数据分析中应用统计学非公理化体系适用的基础.本书剖析了实际实验与测量中有关不确定度来源及其影响的8个主从关系,提出在实验和测量中需要重视的10个命题,以此作为重建实验数据处理与经验证据评估架构的基础.在此架构中,重新审视误差严格正态分布的普遍性,新导出了统计允许限因子的高准确度计算式,构建了正态分布前提下用统计允许限的新判据;对比分析已有的3种常见的不确定度评定架构,创建了不确定度分量合成的综合技术法,阐述并实例化该方法在实验数据分析中的具体应用.; The randomness of the random error as well as the approximate randomness of the undetermined systematical error,is the baseline that the non-axiomatic system of the applied statistics can be adopted in the macroscopic experimental data analysis.The usual uncertainty sources in physics experiments and general practices are analyzed,among which eight subordinate relationships and their influences are demonstrated.Aside from the data analysis method,some nontrivial details that may cause conclusive influence in data analysis and hence deserve particular attention,are described and summarized in 10statements.Based on the above endeavors,a novel framework for the experimental data analysis and the scientific experience evaluation is reconstructed.Within the new framework,the commonly accepted feature of the normal distribution of the experimental error is revisited.The calculation of the statistical tolerance limit is reformulated to achieve a higher accuracy and a new criterion of the statistical tolerance is established with the hypothesis of a normal distribution.The three systems usually quoted in uncertainty analysis are compared in detail.A technically hybrid method(THM)for data analysis is proposed and demonstrated in various examples and applications.
语种	中文 ; 中文
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://ir.lib.tsinghua.edu.cn/ir/item.do?handle=123456789/146050]
专题	清华大学
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	朱鹤年,肖志刚,Zhu Henian,等. 重组实验数据处理与经验证据评估新架构的探索——《新概念基础物理实验讲义》前4章的特点介绍[J],2016, 2016.
APA	朱鹤年,肖志刚,Zhu Henian,&Xiao Zhigang.(2016).重组实验数据处理与经验证据评估新架构的探索——《新概念基础物理实验讲义》前4章的特点介绍..
MLA	朱鹤年,et al."重组实验数据处理与经验证据评估新架构的探索——《新概念基础物理实验讲义》前4章的特点介绍".(2016).

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