Estrogen regulation of microcephaly genes and evolution of brain sexual dimorphism in primates

CORC > 昆明动物研究所 > 昆明动物研究所 > 遗传资源与进化国家重点实验室 > 比较基因组学

	Estrogen regulation of microcephaly genes and evolution of brain sexual dimorphism in primates
	Shi L 1,2; Lin Q 1,2,3; Su B[*]1,2
刊名	BMC EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
	2015
卷号	15 期号:X 页码:e127
关键词	Sexual dimorphism Brain size Brain evolution Primate Estrogen
通讯作者	sub@mail.kiz.ac.cn
合作状况	其它
英文摘要	Background: Sexual dimorphism in brain size is common among primates, including humans, apes and some Old World monkeys. In these species, the brain size of males is generally larger than that of females. Curiously, this dimorphism has persisted over the course of primate evolution and human origin, but there is no explanation for the underlying genetic controls that have maintained this disparity in brain size. Results: In the present study, we tested the effect of the female hormone (estradiol) on seven genes known to be related to brain size in both humans and nonhuman primates, and we identified half estrogen responsive elements (half EREs) in the promoter regions of four genes (MCPH1, ASPM, CDK5RAP2 and WDR62). Likewise, at sequence level, it appears that these half EREs are generally conserved across primates. Later testing via a reporter gene assay and cell-based endogenous expression measurement revealed that estradiol could significantly suppress the expression of the four affected genes involved in brain size. More intriguingly, when the half EREs were deleted from the promoters, the suppression effect disappeared, suggesting that the half EREs mediate the regulation of estradiol on the brain size genes. We next replicated these experiments using promoter sequences from chimpanzees and rhesus macaques, and observed a similar suppressive effect of estradiol on gene expression, suggesting that this mechanism is conserved among primate species that exhibit brain size dimorphism. Conclusions: Brain size dimorphism among certain primates, including humans, is likely regulated by estrogen through its sex-dependent suppression of brain size genes during development.
收录类别	SCI
资助信息	This work was supported by grants from the National 973 project of China (2011CBA00401 and 2012CBA01300), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31130051, 31301028 and 31321002) and the Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province (2007C100M and 2009CD107). This study was also supported by funding from the West Light Doctoral program.
语种	英语
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://159.226.149.26:8080/handle/152453/9217]
专题	昆明动物研究所_比较基因组学昆明动物研究所_遗传资源与进化国家重点实验室
作者单位	1.State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 East Jiao-Chang Road, Kunming 650223Yunnan, PR China 2.Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming 650000, China 3.Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Shi L,Lin Q,Su B[*]. Estrogen regulation of microcephaly genes and evolution of brain sexual dimorphism in primates[J]. BMC EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY,2015,15(X):e127.
APA	Shi L,Lin Q,&Su B[*].(2015).Estrogen regulation of microcephaly genes and evolution of brain sexual dimorphism in primates.BMC EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY,15(X),e127.
MLA	Shi L,et al."Estrogen regulation of microcephaly genes and evolution of brain sexual dimorphism in primates".BMC EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY 15.X(2015):e127.