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题名	气溶胶粒子形状识别技术研究
作者	卜一川
学位类别	硕士
答辩日期	2015
授予单位	中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所
导师	赵永凯
关键词	气溶胶，光散射，形状识别
其他题名	Research on Aerosol Particle Shape Identification Technique
中文摘要	气溶胶粒子是指能够长时间悬浮在空气中并能够被观察或测量的液体或固体粒子，其粒径大多在0.001~100μm之间。大气中的气溶胶粒子质量只占整个大气质量的十亿分之一，但是对地气辐射平衡、成云致雨、水循环、能见度改变等诸多关系气候与环境的物理化学过程以及人体健康都有着重要影响。开展对气溶胶粒子各种特性的研究具有重要的意义。 粒子形状是粒子的重要形态特征之一。在不同的工作或生活环境中，气溶胶粒子的形状可以为研究其种类和来源提供线索，并且对研究粒子特征有重要帮助，是其它粒子测量技术的有力辅助。光散射检测法是气溶胶粒子实时原位测量中常用的技术手段。基于光散射原理，通过检测气溶胶粒子的散射光场分布能够反演判别粒子的形状信息。 目前国内对单气溶胶粒子光学等效粒径测量以及光谱信息检测等方面取得了一定进展，但对气溶胶粒子形状测量及识别技术研究还比较少。本文围绕基于弹性光散射法的气溶胶粒子形状测量及识别技术，开展了资料调研、粒子散射光场仿真计算、原理样机研制以及实验验证的工作，主要内容如下： (1)对国内外气溶胶粒子形状测量及识别技术的研究进展、装置研制、处理算法和应用发展进行了调研，并确定了气溶胶粒子形状测量装置的研制方案和参数； (2)使用Mie散射计算软件计算、讨论了球形粒子粒径大小、粒子折射率、入射光波长偏振等对粒子散射光场分布的影响；利用基于FDTD算法的软件East FDTD，计算了不同形状、不同种类粒子的散射光场分布，并研究了使用非对称因子Af和散射光强度作为参数反演粒子形状的可行性。 (3)初步研制完成气溶胶粒子形状测量装置APSID-1并介绍了光学系统、光机结构等方面的设计工作。识别装置能够接收5°~19°散射角范围内的前向散射光场图样，每秒钟能够收集25幅图样； (4)利用现有的APSID-1装置开展对单个气溶胶粒子的形状研究。通过8μm PSL小球的前向散射图样与理论结果相验证，证明了装置的有效性。采集了不同形状气溶胶粒子的散射图样，初步区分出较复杂形状的气溶胶粒子； (5)应用改动的APSID-1装置采集到气溶胶粒子侧向散射光场图样。结果表明，侧向散射图样可用于粒径较小粒子的形状识别，并可作为前向散射图样反演粒子形状的补充。
英文摘要	Aerosol particles refer to liquid or solid particles suspended in a gaseous medium and possess diameters ranging from 1 nm to 100 μm. Although aerosol particles account for only one over one billion of the whole atmosphere quality, they have important influence on physical and chemical process of climate and environment, such as radiation balance, cloud to rain, water cycling, changing of visibility. Aerosol particles also have a great impact on human health. Therefore researches on various characters of aerosol particles have a great significance. Particle shape is an important morphological characteristic. In different working or living environment, particle shape can provide clues for its type and source, which gives the benefit of studying the particle’s characteristics and is a powerful assistance with other particle measuring technology. Light scattering method is a commonly used real-time in situ technique for aerosol particle detection. Based on the light scattering principle, the distribution of scattering light field can be used to derive particle shape information. The research on single aerosol particle is developing promptly in China, especially on particle diameter and spectrum measurement. But the research about particle’s shape identification doesn’t study as much as others. This thesis is mainly about our work of aerosol particle shape identification technique based on light scattering pattern, the main contents are as following: (1) Studying on the aerosol particles shape identification technology at home and abroad. The primary structure and function design of the aerosol particle shape identification device (APSID-1) is determined. (2) Using the Mie scattering calculation tool and FDTD based software East FDTD to calculate and study the distribution of light scattered field for spherical particles and non-spherical particles respectively. The possibility of distinguish particle shape is discussed according to the calculation results. (3) Developed the prototype of APSID-1 with the study on optical design and optical-mechanical design. The APSID-1 can acquire scattered patterns of scattering angle from 5° to 19° with a speed of 25 frame per second. (4) Research on single aerosol particle shape identification technique with APSID-1. The pattern of an 8μm polystyrene sphere particle is approximately consistent with the result of Mie scattering calculation, which verified the accuracy of APSID-1. The test results of APSID-1 show that the particles of different shapes can be distinguished from scattering image and inversed calculation results. (5) With the revised APSID-1, lateral scattering light patterns of aerosol particles are collected. The results show that the lateral scattering pattern can be used for shape recognition of particle with small size. It could be also a powerful supplement for the inversion of particle shape with forward scattering patterns.
语种	中文
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.siom.ac.cn/handle/181231/16937]
专题	上海光学精密机械研究所_学位论文
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	卜一川. 气溶胶粒子形状识别技术研究[D]. 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所. 2015.

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