题名单原子俘获及一维原子阵列的实验研究
作者夏天
学位类别硕士
答辩日期2010
授予单位中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所
导师周蜀渝
关键词冷原子 单原子 原子阵列 二元光学器件
其他题名Experiment of Single Atom Trapping and One-dimensional Atom Array
中文摘要单个原子及原子阵列是理想的量子系统,可应用于原子物理、量子光学等方向的基础性研究,并且十分适合作为理想的信息载体应用于量子信息领域。基于单个原子及一维原子阵列,可以研究与背景充分隔离的单原子的辐射特性、单原子的量子态制备及控制、基于单原子操纵的单光子辐射源、单光子在自由空间及受限空间与光场相互作用以及原子与光子的量子纠缠等。 本文简要介绍了这一领域的背景和近期发展,并系统介绍了我们实验小组在单个中性87Rb原子俘获及一维原子阵列方面的研究进展。 第一章对冷原子物理的发展进行了简要回顾,并介绍了原子的激光减速方法及囚禁技术。 第二章介绍了基于激光冷却与俘获技术获得单个中性原子的实验原理及实验方法,包括特殊参数磁光阱法及远失谐光偶极势阱法。 第三章介绍了作者在单原子俘获方面的主要工作和取得的成果,内容包括在大磁场梯度的磁光阱中的中性铷原子俘获和在对原子荧光信号降噪处理后采用电子倍增CCD相机对阱中原子的连续观测等。 第四章介绍了作者在一维原子阵列方面的实验和理论工作,内容包括对于大数值孔径显微物镜聚焦能力的测试,在大失谐光偶极势阱中的原子俘获,基于达曼光栅的一维原子阵列的实验研究,以及对于(0, pai)型二元位相板产生的空心光阱中原子俘获的理论计算。
英文摘要Individual atoms and atom array are prominent quantum systems for fundamental researches such as Atomic Physics and Quantum Optics. Moreover, they serve as ideal information carriers in quantum information processing and communication. Based on single atoms and atom array, we can investigate the radiation characteristics of isolated single atoms, the realization of qubits, the generation of single photon sources, the interaction between single photons and laser fields, and the quantum entanglement between atoms and photons. The thesis introduces the background and development in this area and the research progress of our group in single atom trapping and one-dimensional atom array. The first chapter briefly reviews the development history of cold atom physics and introduces several important mechanisms and techniques relevant to laser cooling and trapping of gas atoms. The second chapter introduces the basic theoretical backgrounds and experimental skills of trapping of individual atoms in variant magneto-optical trap (MOT) and far--off-resonance optical dipole trap (FORT). The third chapter systematically presents the author’s achievements in single atom trapping, including the realization of single atom trapping in a steep MOT and the implementation of a continuous imaging of single neutral atoms in a variant MOT after reducing the noise in the fluorescence signal. The forth chapter introduces the author’s experimental and theoretical works in one-dimensional atom array, including the measurement of the focusing ability of the microscope objective with large numerical aperture, the realization of atom trapping in a far-off-resonance optical dipole trap, the capturing of atoms in a one-dimensional micro-optical trap array produced by a Dammann grating, and some theoretical research about atom trapping in a blue-detuned hollow dipole trap produced by a (0, pai) binary phase plate.
语种中文
内容类型学位论文
源URL[http://ir.siom.ac.cn/handle/181231/16685]  
专题上海光学精密机械研究所_学位论文
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
夏天. 单原子俘获及一维原子阵列的实验研究[D]. 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所. 2010.
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