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题名	铷87原子喷泉钟的运行和性能评估
作者	史春艳
学位类别	博士
答辩日期	2012
授予单位	中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所
导师	王育竹
关键词	铷87 原子喷泉钟 误差评估 折叠光路 微波综合链 铷85 原子喷泉钟
其他题名	Operation and Performance Evaluation of Rubidium 87 Atomic Fountain clock
中文摘要	本论文介绍了上海光机所量子光学实验室研制的铷87 原子喷泉钟的运行、改进和性能评估工作。在我们的铷87 原子喷泉钟上已经获得了Ramsey 干涉条纹，其线宽为1Hz。目前，喷泉钟的误差评估已经初步完成，在10 天的比对时间内，喷泉钟的相对频率稳定度为5×10-13τ-1/2，在40000s 的平均时间内达到2.6×10-15，不包含分布腔相移的相对频率不确定度为5.4×10-16。在喷泉钟的频率不确定度的评估中，我们在实验上测量了多项频移，如二阶塞曼频移，光频移和分布腔相移等。 为了提高喷泉钟系统的可靠性和改善喷泉钟的频率性能，我们对喷泉钟系统做了一些改进。我们将折叠光路装置应用到原子的俘获和冷却系统，降低了喷泉钟所需光束的总功率，提高了系统的可靠性；用光纤电光调制器调制产生再泵浦光，使得仅用一台低功率激光器就可以完全驱动喷泉钟装置；搭建新的低噪声微波综合链系统，降低了微波综合链噪声对喷泉钟频率稳定度的影响；改进电子电路系统，减小了电子线路噪声对喷泉钟的影响。 铷85 的基态超精细跃迁频率是精密测量和基本物理常数研究领域的重要参数。我们基于现有的喷泉钟装置，开展了铷85 原子喷泉的实验研究。在实验中，我们获得了107 个铷85 原子(在探测区)，原子团的冷却温度达到1.6μK，干涉条纹的半高宽为2Hz，频率稳定度为4.7×10-12τ-1/2，在8000s 的平均时间达到5×10-14。我们还测量了铷85 原子喷泉钟的钟频率，其测量精度为5×10-12，好于国际上给 出的测量结果。 另外，我们还提出了改善喷泉钟频率特性的设想，如双抛式原子喷泉钟的方案和高效态制备方案。
英文摘要	The operation, improvements and performance evaluation of the rubidium 87 atomic fountain clock in Quantum Optics Laboratory in Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics (SIOM) was introduced in this thesis. In the fountain the Ramsey fringe with the linewidth of 1Hz has been obtained. Recently, the evaluation of the fountain had been finished preliminarily, the fractional frequency instability was 5×10-13τ-1/2 in comparation time of 10 days and it reached 2.6×10-15 at average time 40000s, the total fractional frequency uncertainty excepted for distributed cavity phase shift was 5.4×10-16. The frequency shifts have been measured in the experiments of estimating the performance of the fountain, such as second-order Zeeman shift, distributed cavity phase shift and so on. To enhance the reliability and improve the frequency performance of the fountain, some improvements have been realized. The folded optical path system was applied to trap and cool atoms, by which way, the total light power supply of the fountain device was decreased and the realibility of system was enhanced. The repumping beams were generated by modulating the master laser with a fiber electro-optical modulator. Therefore, only one laser with lower light power is necessary to drive the whole fountain. The new low noise microwave synthesizer was developed to enhance the frequency stability of the fountain resulted from the noise of local oscillator. Some improvements on the electrocircuit noise were also realized to avoid influencing the fountain. As the hyperfine transition frequency of the ground states of rubidium 85 is a very important constant in fields of the precision measurement and fundamental physics study, the rubidium 85 atomic fountain was developed based on the fountain device. In the experiments, more than 107 85Rb atoms with the temperature of 1.6μK were obtained in the detecting zone, the Ramsey fringe linewidth of 85Rb atomic fountain was 2Hz, the fractional frequency instability was 4.7×10-12τ-1/2, and 5×10-14 was reached at averaged time 8000s. The clock frequency of the rubidium 85 was measured, and the accuracy was reached to 5×10-12, which was better than the best measurement result we’ve currently known. In addition, to improve the performance of the fountain, some other the proposals were suggested, such as fountain in the dual-ball launching and high efficiency preparing state.
语种	中文
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.siom.ac.cn/handle/181231/15711]
专题	上海光学精密机械研究所_学位论文
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	史春艳. 铷87原子喷泉钟的运行和性能评估[D]. 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所. 2012.

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