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题名	城市景观照明设计的研究与探讨
作者	王宪涛
学位类别	博士
答辩日期	2006
授予单位	中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所
导师	朱健强
关键词	景观照明设计 照明方法 现代建筑 古典园林
其他题名	Study and discussion of city landscape lighting system design
中文摘要	城市景观照明设计是实现城市夜间景观灯光环境的必要前提，也是景观照明工程领域研究的根本保证。目前我国尚无城市景观照明的国家标准和相对完善的景观照明设计理论，这使得目前景观照明的设计缺乏科学的理论依据，更多的照明单位是凭感觉和经验进行景观照明工程的建设。近年来，国内各城市相继投入了巨资开展城市景观照明工程，虽然改变了城市夜间形象，发展了旅游观光业，促进了消费和经济发展，但客观上存在着诸多方面的严重不足。因此，如何科学合理地确定景观照明的设计方式和方法，达到既满足城市景观照明审美需要，又节约能源和投资、减少光污染走绿色照明道路这一目标，已成为摆在照明科技工作者面前急待解决的课题。 本论文在查阅大量国内外景观照明研究成果的基础上，对国内诸多城市的景观照明，特别是景观照明设计的实际现状作了调研。发现国内外不少研究均提到景观照明的设计方式和方法问题，但都比较笼统，实际应用有一定难度，同时对景观照明所必须考虑的若干因素如被照景观的环境人文特征、材料的性质、照射方向、材料反射系数、光泽度、照射距离、光源光色、人的视看方向和人的主观感觉评价等诸多问题的研究与认识上差距较大。因此，城市的景观照明特别是景观照明的设计方式和方法问题就成为了满足城市景观照明各方需求目标的关键。 本文通过大量城市景观照明工程的设计实践研究，对景观照明用主要电光源的技术特性以及照明的重要参数照度、亮度、照明计算方法、景观照明的测试和评价方法作出了详细的归纳和总结，弥补了城市景观照明设计基础理论的不足。结合具体案例，提出了半导体光源，尤其是激光和高亮度LED应用于景观照明实践的新途经和新方法。 论述了城市景观照明设计中的对象，功能和美学问题，重点对景观照明应考虑的主要因素、景观环境特征、景观照明设计中光色、光量和光区的控制理论进行了深入的研究和探讨，提出了一整套关于景观照明设计的用光技巧、方式和方法。使城市景观照明设计技术更具实用性和科学性。 在此基础上，着重研究和分析现代城市建筑的景观照明设计，通过作者以往设计的大量具体照明工程案例并以分类的形式综合阐述了现代建筑各景观要素所应遵循的设计方式、方法和原则。提出了在满足现代城市景观照明设计需要的同时，如何在审美、节约能源、减少光污染的基础上，走可持续发展的绿色照明道路的创新设计方法。 通过以苏州园林的景观照明为主要对象的研究与探讨，结合作者的典型设计案例，详细研究了中国古典私家园林的景观照明意境和风格特征，总结并提出了适合中国古典园林建筑景观照明的创新设计思想和理念。
英文摘要	City lighting system is the necessary precondition for the achieving of city night lighting environment, and is also the guarantee for the research of lighting system engineering. There is no national standard and perfect theory for lighting system design so far, and that makes it difficult for most of lighting institutes to find out reasonable directions for the design of lighting system, most of time, they completed the lighting projects base on their experience and sense. In recent years, many cities spent lots of money on city lighting system one after the other, this way, to some extend, did make changes on the aspect of city night, and also promoted travel industry as well as the economy. However, there are still some shortages on many aspects. Undoubtly, it is an urgent project for lighting researchers on how to find out reasonable design methods of lighting system, which can both meet the aesthetic requirements of city landscape and the requirements of saving energy and investments, at same time, to reduce the light pollutiion. Based on the large amount of domestic and international research achievements concerning landscape lighting, this article gave a pratical research on cities’ landscape lighting, especially on the design of lighting system. Though there are some researches concerning about the method and style of lighting design, it is still difficult to rely on these general ways. Meanwhile, there exist a big disparity between research and people’s understanding on many aspects, such as must the landscape the environment, the humanities characteristic, the material nature, the illumination direction, the material reflection factor, glossiness, the illumination distance, the photosource light color, human subjective feelings, and etc. Therefore, city lighting system, especially the design method of lighting system, is becoming the key factor to meet various demands of city landscape lighting. Through the massive city landscape lighting engineering design and practical research, This article has made the induction and the summary in detail on the characteristic of lighting source and other important parameters, such as illuminance, brightness, illuminance computational method, the landscape illuminance test and the assessment method. It also has made up the basic theorical insufficiency of city landscape lighting design.Unifies the concrete case, proposed the new way and the new method by using semiconductor photosources, in particular the laser and high luminance LED, on the landscape lighting practice. Elaborated in the city landscape lighting design object, the function and esthetics aspects. Has studied and discussed mainly on the primary factors, which should be considered to the landscape lighting, the landscape environment characteristics, the light color, the light quantity and the light area control theory. Proposed a whole set of skills and methods about the landscape lighting design, and thus has made the technology of city landscape lighting design much more practical and reasonable. Based on these methods, emphatically studied and analyzed the landscape lighting design for modern city buildings. The author, by discussing a large amount of former lighting project cases, elaborated the design method and principle which landscapes essential factors of modern architectures should follow. Proposed new creative method on developing green lighting system continuously based on esthetics, saving energy and reducing light pollution. Through the research and discussion of the landscape lighting on Suzhou landscape gardens, combined with author’s typical lighting design projects, studied detailedly the artistic conception and style characteristic of the lighting on Chinese classical landscape gardens. Summarized and proposed the innovated design concept and idea, which adapt to the lighting application on chinese classical landscape gardens.
语种	中文
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.siom.ac.cn/handle/181231/15609]
专题	上海光学精密机械研究所_学位论文
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	王宪涛. 城市景观照明设计的研究与探讨[D]. 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所. 2006.

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