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题名	小型喷泉铷原子钟的设计与前期工作
作者	魏荣
学位类别	博士
答辩日期	2004
授予单位	中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所
导师	王育竹
关键词	原子喷泉 准确度 激光冷却
其他题名	Design and prior work of a compact rubidium atomic fountain
中文摘要	本论文介绍了上海光机所量子光学实验室小型移动原子喷泉钟的设计方案及在研制原子喷泉方面已经取得的进展。第1、2章是对原子喷泉相关知识的介绍，第1章介绍了原子钟的背景知识，包括时钟计量的历史和现状，原子频标的种类、发展和应用，国际原子时（TAI）比对等。第2章介绍了喷泉中用到的激光冷却技术和原子频标的一些基本技术， 如磁光阱、光学粘胶、 Ralnsey振荡、阿兰方差等。第3、4章系统地介绍了原子喷泉的设计，包括设计原理、技术路线、误差分析等。我们的设计目标是小型移动铆钟，铆喷泉的优势是碰撞频移非常小，易于实现激光冷却。许多新技术应用于原子钟的设计中，例如移动光学粘胶上抛、微波一光选态、双能级探测、锁半高宽、等等。半导体激光器作为激光源，频率锁定在共振谱线上，用声光调制器移频并控制光强，用光纤传输所有光束。喷泉腔体部分自下而上采用“俘获区一选态区一探测区·Raxnsey作用区”的结构。俘获腔可采用（0，0，1）、（1，1，1）两种上抛方式，选态腔和Ramsey腔均来用柱型腔TE011模。喷泉设计上抛高度为功cm，谱线线宽为1．75Hz。预期的短期稳定度好于1×10-12，长期稳定度好于1×10-13，准确度好于1×10-13（进入10-14）。论文的第5章介绍了喷泉研制实验工作的进展，包括将空心光束应用于原子喷泉，冷原子实验的基础工作，2D+-MOT实验平台和改进后的喷泉装置上的工作，及塞曼移烦实验和双反线圈磁光阱的讨论。采用新思路、新方法，我们获得实际可用的空心光束，在两个实验平台上均获得冷原子团，并且在改进装置上的结果明显好于原来装置。最后一章总结了论文的结果，并且对本研究内容的远期后续工作—空间冷原子钟做了简单介绍。
英文摘要	The thesis illuminates the scheme and experimental development of the compact, transportable atomic fountain (AF) of key laboratory for quantum optics, SIOM. Related knowledge of AF is introduced in the first two chapters. Chapter 1 is about backgrounds of the atomic clock, including history and existing condition of timing, species, development, and application of atomic frequency standard, TAI comparing, and so on. Chapter 2 shows some basic laser cooling techniques and atomic clock techniques, such as magnetic-optical trap, molasses cooling, Ramsey oscillating and Allan variance, which will be used in AF. Chapter 3 and 4 give the design of AF. Designing principle, technical way, and error analysis are shown in these chapters. Our goal is a compact, transportable rubidium AF. Rubidium has the merits of a small collision frequency shifting and is easy to be cooled. Lots of news techniques are applied in our AF designing, such as moving-molasses tossing, microwave-light selecting state, dual-states detecting, locking in half of maximum. Diode lasers act as laser source, frequency is locked in resonance peak, detuning and intensity is modulated by AOM, all beams are transported by fibers. From bottom to top, chambers are sequenced by: 'trapping zone, state-selecting zone, detecting zone, Ramsey interacting zone'. Atoms will be toss in (0,0,1) way or (1,1,1) way. Both state-selecting cavity and Ramsey cavity have the model of TE011, cylindrical. Designing height of tossing is 10cm, and linewidth is 1.75Hz. Predicted short-term stability is better than 1 - 10-12, long-term stability will be less than 1 * 10-13 and accuracy is in the order of 10-14. Chapter 5 of paper is the development of AF experiments. Following works have done at the time of AF designing: applying hollow beam in AF, preparing experiments of laser cooling, works in 2D+-MOT experimental platform and in improved atomic fountain platform, Zeeman frequency-shifting experiment and discussion of dual anti-Helmholtz -coils MOT. Practical hollow beam is obtained by novel ideal and novel way. Atoms are trapped in MOTs of two platforms, and the latter one is far super to the former. In the last chapter, all contents of thesis are summarized, and space cold atomic clock is simply introduced which is long-dated succeeding work of the research of this paper.
语种	中文
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.siom.ac.cn/handle/181231/15530]
专题	上海光学精密机械研究所_学位论文
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	魏荣. 小型喷泉铷原子钟的设计与前期工作[D]. 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所. 2004.

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