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题名	超分辨光瞳滤波器的理论研究与设计
作者	云茂金
学位类别	博士
答辩日期	2004
授予单位	中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所
导师	刘立人
关键词	信息光学 超分辨 光瞳滤波器
其他题名	Theoretical analysis and design of optical superresolution pupil filters
中文摘要	超分辨技术在理论上和实际应用中都引起人们的极大关注。从理论的观点来看，超分辨技术为超越经典的衍射极限提供了一种方法；从实际应用的观点看，超分辨技术在天文学、图像处理、共焦扫描成像、光存储、激光打印等技术中有着广泛的应用。因此为得到比较理想的超分辨性能和超分辨衍射图样，我们从理论上设计了以下几种超分辨光瞳滤波器：1、设计了透射率连续变化的振幅型超分辨光瞳滤波器，该滤波器由两个相互平行的偏振器和置于其间的径向双折射元件组成，并借助于琼斯算法推导出其光瞳函数的表达式。通过分析加入该光瞳滤波器后系统的轴向和横向强度分布知道，光学系统的横向超分辨或轴向超分辨可以通过调整光瞳滤波器中双折射元件的主轴和偏振器的偏振方向之间的夹角实现。优点在于其制作不涉及位相的变化而比较简单，并且制作成本较低。2，考虑到三维超分辨在三维成像系统中的重要作用，我们设计了能实现三维超分辨的复振幅光瞳滤波器。借助于二阶近似理论推导出超分辨性能参数和复振幅光瞳滤波器参数之间的关系。据此设计了一系列的三区复振幅光瞳滤波器并给出其理论模拟，模拟结果表明所设计的复振幅光瞳滤波器可以实现三维超分辨。其优点是能够实现光学系统的三维超分辨，缺点是三维超分辨的实现伴随着旁瓣能量的提高。3、在大数值孔径系统中，近轴衍射理论虽然可以近似得到系统焦平面上的强度分布，但不能准确得处理系统轴向上的位相变化及强度变化。因此，对大数值孔径系统必须采用矢量形式的衍射定律。针对大数值孔径的4Pi共焦扫描系统，我们利用矢量形式的衍射定律设计了二元位相型超分辨光瞳滤波器，并且推导出了实现轴向或横向超分辨需要满足的解。结果表明利用设计的光瞳滤波器不仅可以实现4Pi共焦系统的超分辨，而且系统的旁瓣能量也比较低。
英文摘要	There is a natural interest in superresolution for both theoretical and practical reasons. From a theoretical viewpoint, superresolution offers a strategy to overcome the limits of diffraction. From a practical perspective, there are numerous applications that benefit from it including astronomy, image processing, confocal scanning microscopy, optical storage, and laser printing etc. In this paper several optical pupil filters are proposed and it is shown that they can be designed for high superresolution performance and considerable control of the superresolved pattern. 1. The continuous amplitude pupil filter which consists of two parallel polarizers and a rotationally symmetric birefringent element is introduced into the superresolution technology, and the pupil function of it is deduced with Jones calculus. Through analyzing the intensity distribution along the axial or the transverse directions, it is shown that such filter can be adapted to transverse superresolution or axial superresolution just by changing the angle between the polarizers and the radial birefringent element. Furthermore, such filter is relatively simple to be constructed as it requires no phase changes and the low cost replication is possible. 2. Considering the 3D superresolution important role in the 3D imaging systems, the complex pupil filters are designed. The relations between the superresolution parameters and the essential parameters of such filters are deduced. And a series of simulation examples of such filters are presented, which prove that 3D superresolution can be realized. Advantage of such filters is easy to realize 3D superresolution, and disadvantage is that the sidelobes of the axial intensity distribution is too high. But it can be overcome by applying confocal system. 3. Because in the high numerical aperture (NA) optical system, though the commonly used paraxial theory provides a good approximation to the focal plane intensity, it deals much less well with phase variations and also axial intensity variation. So the vector diffraction theory must be used in such systems. In order to realize superresolution in the 4Pi-confocal system, the annular binary pure phase filter is designed with the vector diffraction theory. And solutions for axial or transverse superresolution are determined. It is shown that with the designed pupil filters the superresolution can be realized with low sidelobes.
语种	中文
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.siom.ac.cn/handle/181231/15444]
专题	上海光学精密机械研究所_学位论文
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	云茂金. 超分辨光瞳滤波器的理论研究与设计[D]. 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所. 2004.

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