| 题名 | 水源水质变化条件下铸铁类供水管网铁释放动态模拟 |
| 作者 | 牛铁柱 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2015-05 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 授予地点 | 北京 |
| 导师 | 陈求稳 |
| 关键词 | 供水管网，遗传编程，铁释放速率模型，多组分动态水质模型， Water supply network, Genetic Programming, Iron release rate model, Multi-species dynamic water quality model. |
| 其他题名 | Dynamic Simulation of Iron Release for Cast Iron Water Supply Network Under the Situation of Source Water Quality Changes |
| 学位专业 | 环境工程 |
| 中文摘要 | 自来水在供水管网的输送过程中可能会发生水质恶化，造成自来水的二次污染，其水质是否达标是大家普遍关注的问题。铸铁管网是我国供水管网的重要组成部分，管网腐蚀及铁释放会引起饮用水中铁含量升高，影响饮用水的感官效果，严重情况下会给居民生活带来不便。 水源水质变化是影响铁释放的重要因素。为了预防和减轻铸铁管网铁释放可能带来的危害，本研究选取北方某市灰口铸铁管段，通过铁释放静态实验，探索不同水质条件（Larson指数、余氯和溶解氧浓度）对铁释放的影响，并得到相应水质条件下的铁释放速率；通过统计回归和数据挖掘（遗传编程和进化多项式回归）方法建立铁释放速率对关键水质参数的响应模型，并对最优模型的参数进行了敏感性分析；将铁释放速率模型与管网多组分动态水质模型结合，模拟管网系统中铁含量的时空分布及水源水质变化对铁释放的影响，同时提出相应的水质控制方案来减缓铁释放。 论文主要得到以下结论： 1.管段铁释放速率与 Larson指数呈显著正相关关系，且不同管垢特征的管段对 Larson指数的变化敏感性存在差异；管段铁释放速率与余氯和溶解氧浓度均呈负相关关系。 2.通过遗传编程建立拟合度较好的铁释放速率模型，模型揭示出的铁释放速率与 Larson、余氯和溶解氧浓度的关系与铁释放机理相符合。 3.通过对模型参数敏感性分析发现，在大多数情况下，Larson指数、余氯和溶解氧对铁释放速率影响的敏感性大小顺序大致为 Larson指数>溶解氧>余氯，表明调控 Larson指数可以有效地控制管网的铁释放。 4.将铁释放速率模型与多组分动态水质模型结合能够精确模拟铁含量在管网中的时空分布特征，预测水源水质变化对铁含量分布的影响，为减缓管网铁释放的水质调控方案提供科学依据。 |
| 英文摘要 | The quality of tap water may deteriorate during the transportation in water supply network, which may cause secondary pollution of water. Water quality is an issue of common concern. Cast iron pipes take a large proportion in the water supply networks in China. Pipe corrosion and iron release can cause iron concentration in water to exceed the national standard, which will affect color and odor of drinking water and bring inconvenience to residents in severe cases. Switch of different water sources is a major cause to accelerate iron release. To prevent and mitigate the harm of iron release, efforts were made in this study from three aspects. First, iron release static experiments were conducted for four cast iron pipe segments selected from a northern city to get the influence of different water conditions (Larson ratio, chlorine and dissolved oxygen concentration) on iron release and corresponding iron release rate. Secondly, iron release rate models were developed using statistical methods and data mining techniques (genetic programming and evolutionary polynomial regression), and sensitivity analysis of the optimal model parameters were carried out additionally. Finally, iron release model was integrated with multi-species dynamic water quality model to simulate the spatio-temporal patterns of iron concentrations in a pipe network and the effects of water sources changes on iron release, based on which appropriate water quality mediation strategy was proposed to reduce iron release. This thesis obtained several main conclusions as follows. 1. The iron release rate had a significant positive relationship with Larson ratio,and there was discrepancy among the pipes with different characteristics on effect of changing Larson ratio. Iron release rate was negatively correlated to chlorine residual and dissolved oxygen concentrations. 2. Accurate iron release rate model could be obtained by Genetic Programming.The relationship revealed by the model accorded to the mechanism of iron release. 3. Sensitivity analysis showed that, in most cases, the order of degree of influences on iron release rate of each model parameter is: Larson Ratio> DO> Chlorine Residual, meaning that regulation of Larson ratio can effectively control the release of iron in pipe network. 4. Iron release model combined with multi-species dynamic water quality model could simulate the spatio-temporal patterns of iron concentrations in a pipe network and predict the effects of water sources changes on iron release, which supported water quality control plan makings to mitigate the release of iron. |
| 内容类型 | 学位论文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.rcees.ac.cn/handle/311016/34360]  |
| 专题 | 生态环境研究中心_环境水质学国家重点实验室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 牛铁柱. 水源水质变化条件下铸铁类供水管网铁释放动态模拟[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院. 2015. |
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