The characteristics of soil genesis in Gongga moutainous region vary regularly with different slople directions and elevtions, which are reflected on the soil types and their geogrphic distribution.
The vertical distribution law of soils is as follows.
On the east slope: yellow red earth (1800m)—moutain yellow brown earth (2700m)—mountain burozem (2800m)—moutain durk brown forest soil (3300m)—subalpine podzolic soil (3700m)—subalpine meadow soil—alpine meadow soil (4500m)—alpine frozen soil (4900m)—firn.
On the west slope: luvic drab soil (3300m)—mountain drak brown forest soil (4000m)—subalpine meadow soil (4300m)—alpine meadow soil (4700m)—alpine frozen soil (5100m)—firn.
On the west slope:luvic drab soil (3300m)—mountain drak brown forest soil (4000m)—subalnine meadow soil (4300m)—alpine meadow soil (4700m)—alpine frozen soil (5100m)—firn.
The soils in this region may be divided into two soil regions and five subegions:
Ⅰ the east slope soil region is the region to the east of the main creat line. The base belt belonge to middle subtriopical humid—semi-humid climatic zone.
Ⅰ1 Caoke—Tianwad subregion, where the soil on the base belt is yellow earth.
Ⅰ2 Detuo—Moxi subregion, where the soil on the base belt is yellow red earth.
Ⅰ3 Luding—Pengba subregion, where the soil on the base belt is yellow cinnamon-drab soil.
Ⅱ The west slop soil region is to the west of the main crest line. The base belt belongs to temperate semi-humid climatic zone.
Ⅱ1 Kangding subregion, where the soil on the base belt is drab soil.
Ⅱ2 Yunongxi subregion, where the soil on the base belt is luvic drab soil.
The policy of land use should be "Give firs priority to economic—medicinal fauna and flora development, develop both forestry and animal husbandry and take self-suffieiency in agriculture." Beside, we should avoid the degenaration of soil fertility, including morphologic and nutritional dageneration. To preseve and expand percentage of forest cover is a fundamental measure to prevent degeaervation of soil fertility.
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