| 题名 | 泥石流多发区小流域生态功能分区及生态修复对策研究 |
| 作者 | 张淑娟 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2015 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 授予地点 | 北京 |
| 导师 | 王道杰 |
| 关键词 | 阿旺小河流域 生态环境 垂直分异规律 生态功能分区 生态修复对策 |
| 其他题名 | Study on Ecological Function Regionalization and Ecological Restoration Measures in a Small Watershed of Debris Flow Activity Region |
| 学位专业 | 自然地理学 |
| 中文摘要 | 生态环境是人类生存和发展的基本条件，是经济和社会发展的基础。保护和建设生态环境，是实现可持续发展的重要策略。然而，随着我国人口的增长和经济快速发展，经济活动的强度和规模持续加大，造成生态环境的严重破坏，各种生态问题日益突出。这些生态环境问题将严重影响社会经济的可持续发展和国家生态环境安全，也必将对全面建设小康社会产生严重阻碍。生态功能区划的提出则从生态学的角度为科学合理可持续性的保护和利用生态环境及自然资源提供了依据和方向。 本研究选择阿旺小河流域作为研究对象，是因为该流域受自然环境条件和人类活动的影响，生态环境恶化严重，造成泥石流频发，给该流域带来了巨大的经济损失，严重阻碍了当地建设和发展。对该流域进行生态功能分区和生态修复对策的研究，有助于辨析流域的生态环境问题，明确生态环境保护的方向，对流域的生态修复、经济发展、灾害控制具有重要意义。本文通过收集资料、野外调查、室内试验及室内分析，利用ArcGIS技术对流域进行生态功能分区研究。取得的主要结论如下： 1. 根据流域海拔变化特征，系统分析了阿旺小河流域热量、水分、土壤、植被等主要环境要素的垂直分异特征，明确了影响区域环境分异的主要环境因子，为区域生态修复的环境要素分析提供了较好的数据支撑。 2. 探讨了阿旺小河流域泥石流的形成条件，重点分析了流域内松散物质的来源。根据泥石流等山地灾害的特征，探讨了流域内已实施防治措施的效果及存在的主要问题。 3. 根据流域主要环境要素的垂直分异特征，结合泥石流等山地灾害的活动特征，构建了泥石流多发区典型小流域的生态功能分区指标和分区方法，并将流域划分为3个一级生态功能区和14个生态功能小区。 4.基于生态功能分区的结果，在综合分析各区生态环境功能的基础上，提出了各区生态修复重点，探讨了相应的生态修复对策。同时为了使生态修复对策能够顺利实施，提出了加强组织领导，完善管理制度；加强宣传教育，鼓励群众参与；广辟资金来源，建立投资机制；调整能源结构，发展替代能源四种配套管理措施。 |
| 英文摘要 | Eco-environment is elementary for mankind's existence and development as well as basic for economic and social evolution. The protection and construction of eco-environment is vital for the sustainable development. However, with China's growing population and fast development of economy, the intensity and scale of economic activities are constantly enhanced. Many areas have ignored the protection of ecological system and have caused serious damage to the ecological environment. Some ecological issues become increasingly serious. These eco-environment problems have seriously impaired the economic and social development. They have effect on the safety of eco-environment. Meanwhile, they will delay the realization of a well-off society. The ecological function regionalization，from the perspective of ecology，has provided basis and direction for rational and sustainable protection and utilization of ecological environment and natural resources. In this paper, Awang River is selected as the study area. This watershed is affected by its natural conditions and human activities so that its eco-environment deteriorates seriously, which results in debris flow activity. These issues have caused huge economic loss and hindered the construction and development. Study on the ecological function regionalization and ecological restoration measures can help to identify ecological environment problems and offer direction for the ecological environment protection. It is significant for ecological restoration, economic development and hazard control in this watershed. This paper mainly takes use of ArcGIS technology to study the ecological function regionalization of this watershed. The main conclusions are as follows: 1. According to the change of the altitude in this watershed, this paper has systematically analysed the characteristics of the vertical differentiation about the main environmental factors such as heat, water, vegetation, and soil. We confirmed the main environmental factors that had effect on the differentiation of the regional environment. It provides data support on the analysis of the environmental factor of the reginoal ecological restoration. 2. We have summarized the forming conditions of debris flow in Awang river watershed and made an emphases on the analysis of the source of loose solid substance. According to the characteristics of mountain hazards such as debris flow and so on, we have analysized the effect and existing problems of the prevention and cure measure. 3. Based on the law of the vertical differentiation of the main environmental factors in Awang River watershed, and with refer to the activity characteristic of mountain hazards, we divided the area into three ecological function regions and fourteen secondary ecological function districts. 4. Based on the results of the ecological function regionalization and the comprehensive analysis on the eco-environmental function of every district, we put forward the focus on ecological restoration and we explored the comparative ecological restoration measures. Meanwhile, we raised some management measures to make sure the successful implementation of ecological restoration measures. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 内容类型 | 学位论文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.imde.ac.cn/handle/131551/14119]  |
| 专题 | 成都山地灾害与环境研究所_山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室 |
| 作者单位 | 中国科学院成都山地灾害与环境研究所 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 张淑娟. 泥石流多发区小流域生态功能分区及生态修复对策研究[D]. 北京. 中国科学院大学. 2015. |
| 个性服务 |
| 查看访问统计 |
| 相关权益政策 |
| 暂无数据 |
| 收藏/分享 |
除非特别说明，本系统中所有内容都受版权保护，并保留所有权利。
修改评论